1

• Dosimetry works

• calibration

• design treatment plans

MEDICAL PHYSICIST Performs:

DOSIMETRIST

a specialized healthcare professional who creates precise, individualized 3D radiation treatment plans for cancer patients.

RADIOTHERAPY TECHNOLOGIST

A radiologic technologist duly licensed by the PRC, who is practicing radiotherapy technology and is responsible for operating simulators, computed tomography (CT) scanners, treatment units etc; for accurate patient set-up and delivery or a planned course of radiation therapy prescribed by a radiation oncologist; and documentation of treatment.

Radiotherapy

is performed by a group of team members, including the radiation oncologist, radiation physicist, radiotherapist, dosimetrist, nurse, psychologist, and/or social workers.

• radiation oncologist

• radiation physicist

• radiotherapist

• dosimetrist

• nurse

• psychologist

• social workers

Radiotherapy is performed by a group of team members, including:

highly dependent on adequate technical equipment

The treatment success in radiotherapy is

multidisciplinary meeting

After the decision to use radiotherapy has been taken in a _ the radiation oncologist needs to evaluate reports related to the patients history, physical exams, and particularly pathology reports, radiological imaging studies, as well as nuclear imaging reports, and add such details to the patient's chart.

5 days a week

RADIATION THERAPY

WBC/leukocytes

acute

signed by the patient and physician

The consent form should then be __, and one copy should be given to the patient while the other should be added to the patient's chart.

patient's chart

The consent form should then be signed by the patient and physician, and one copy should be given to the patient while the other should be added to the

immobilization, imaging, and tumor localization

After that, the first step in radiotherapy-simulation-is scheduled

• thermoplastic mask

• Vacuum lock

• Alpha cradle

immobilization:

diagnostic X-ray machine

Simulation is radiotherapy field determination using a_ with similar physical and geometrical features to the actual teletherapy machine.

scopy (2D) X-ray machine or serial (3D) CT slices

The patient is immobilized before simulation and then the tumor is localized either in a direct

CT, MRI, or PET-CT

The simulation can be performed by

Ct

commonly used i slice

conventional simulator

The simulation performed by a_ is a realtime simulation procedure, since it is done directly in the patient.

CT or MRI

is a virtual simulation since the tumor is localized digitally.

• Immobilization

• Imaging

• Tumor Localization

• Treatment planning

• Set-Up

• Treatment

• Quality control

BASIC STEPS OF RADIOTHERAPY PROCEDURE:

immobilization

Various types of apparatus are used for

thermoplastic mask

The most frequently used apparatus is the

immobilize during therapy

The patient should be

5k

thermoplastic mask

Submerged to eat 70 degree celcius (2-3 min)

how to melt

half the thickness of the patient

The SSD is reduced by

source-axis distance (SAD)

The gantry is adjusted according to the actual treatment machine's __ before simulation.

80-100 cm

After the patient has been positioned on the couch, the desired SSD value (usually _) is achieved by adjusting the couch height.

mask, base plate, T-arm, breast board, knee support

or any other similar immobilization device is positioned accurately.

SSDs

The probable radiotherapy fields are determined and _ are calculated according to patient thickness.

Gantry angles, field sizes, and collimator angles

are arranged by the simulator software under intermittent X-ray scopy.

Treatment fields and block regions

are marked on the patients mask or skin after determining the radiotherapy fields.

block-cutting room

Simulation radiographs are then taken, and protected areas are marked on this film, which is sent to the

Focalized blocks

are then fabricated.

Medical physicist, electron beam treatment

cerroblocks

To have time interval to allow the body to vucover

fractionation purpose

Repopulation + recovery

repair

PACS

simulation to forward to oncologist through

• Simulation date

• Field size

• Gantry angle / CT

• Collimator angl

• SSD

• SAD

• Depth

• Magnification factor

• Physician name / Oncologist

• Technician name / Radtech
  Patient position
  Right and left signs

Parameters that Should Be Written on the , Simulation Film:

mask and other required equipment

are made on the day of CT simulation by the radiotherapist under the supervision of the radiation oncologist for the patient who is to receive conformal radiotherapy

radiotherapist

The mask and other required equipment are made on the day of CT simulation by the _ under the supervision of the radiation oncologist for the patient who is to receive conformal radiotherapy

Left side breast cancer

common in CT SIMULATION

nurse

The patient is sent to the _ for an IV route before CT simulation if an IV contrast material is to be used.

mask, knee support, alpha cradle

Then the patient is positioned on the CT couch, and the _ or any other similar device is fitted on the CT couch if required.

20 min

The patient should then rest for _ after CT to check for any possible adverse reactions.

sent home

The patient should then rest for 20 min after CT to check for any possible adverse reactions. After this, they can be

permanently tattooed on

If no mask is used, particularly in the case of body simulations, reference points should be __ otherwise they will easily disappear.

lasers

are turned on and they are positioned at the midline according to the region of interest.

Reference points

are determined by radiopaque markers located at the cross-sections of the lasers

High energy X-rays

The energy source preferred for thick regions such as the thorax and abdomen