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stats/research methods
allows us to understand the process of science, evaluate researchers’s claims, be able to read papers
goals of science
description - observation and accounting of phenomena
prediction - identifying factors indicate that an event will occure
explanation - cause and effect
scienctific method
problem/idea
hypothesis
observation/experimentation
refining/retesting/explaining
stat
methods and rules for organizing, summarizing and interpreting info(inferental stat)
population
all individuals of interest;
large; descriptor called “parameter”
sample
a set selected to represent the population
can vary in size(usually smaller)
descriptor - statistic (use to guess what the population parameters are)
sampling error
distance btwn the parameter and the statistic
sampling bias
if the sample systematically misrepresents the population
research methods
1 descriptive: cross-sectional/survey, case study (in depth of a person/event)
2 predictive (relational) - correlational; quasi- experimental
3 explanatory - true experimental design