sociology chapter 2

how does ignorance is bliss tie into the looking glass self?

If we are unaware of people’s reaction, they can’t affect us

How are cultures like opinions?

Everyone has one

Everyone is apart of at least one culture

They gave a big impact on how we live our lives

What is a culture and can someone recognize it if they are apart of it easily?

Culture is what groups a of people think and do

It’s really hard to notice your own culture

What are some abstract and more concerted things about how some cultures might be similar to each other?

Abstract: values/belief systems

Language

Concrete: rituals,family,humor

Generally cultural universals relate to human survival(food,shelter etc) and shared experiences (life,death, illness)

What are the 3 aspects of culture?

Cultural objects

Cultural cognitions

Cultural processes

Describe cultural objects

Things that are given meaning

Meaning is NOT INHERENT in the object (kind of like an aura)

Describe cultural cognitions

What we think

A cultures shared ideas and values

Describe cultural processes

Things that we do

In repsonce to. Interactions with objects and cognitions

What is social learning?

We learn cultural objects,cognitions, and processes through interactions with others

Socialization

What is Cumulative culture?

Culture builds upon itself and we are merely the current interaction of our culture (being in college in the 60s is different than being in college now)

What is social construction?

Social constructs are created and maintained by society

Collections/ combinations of cultural elements (laying objects with ideas)

why aren’t plants cknsidered to be part of culture?

Because they exist outside of culture but we give them meaning

What is socialization?

Awareness of ourselves as part of a culture

Learn how to behave within a particular culture

How we adapt to our social surroundings

What are agents of socialization and give a few examples?

Agents = any institution/part of society that constitutes to the socialization of an individual (religion,family,education, mass media)

Are values (cognitions or processes) and are norms (values or proccesses)?

Values (cognitions) what a culture thinks

Norms (processes) what a culture does

Describe values (cognitions)

Values belong to a culture - beliefs are what a person hold true to them

Beliefs often stem from values

Values are fluid and contextual

What a culture thinks is important

(Like going to college or working hard to get a better position at work)

Describe Norms (cultural proccesses)

They are expectations/standards of behavior in cultural context (like you can’t just slap someone whenever you want to)

Norms are culturally specific dynamics ( how close can you get to someone when talking or like hand gestures)

What is primary. Socialization?

initial socialization into culture (how to be a person)

Learning - language,social interaction,core values etc

What is secondary socialization?

Socialization into a new social position (learning a new set of values and norms (Fine tuning existing values/norms)

Socialization happens throughout our lives (getting a new job or going to college)

• What is anticipatory socialization?

Preparing for an role that is upcoming

Ex: living together before marriage or touring a college

What are some examples of an unsocialized child?

Wild boy of Avery on (jungle book) - rescued from wilderness(never able to function in society)

Isabelle( isolated with her deaf/mute mother until age 6)( considered to be of typical intelligence by age 8)

Genie(mostly isolated until age 13 but when she did have contact it was abusive’