AP Gov Final Exam

when did the enlightenment occur

Northern Europe during the 17th and 18th Centuries

where is the power held in democracy

in the hands of the people

John Locke was the

Author of "Two Treatises of Government", and believed that all people had the right to life, liberty and property.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was

Author of "Social Contract", which discusses the idea of religious freedom and separation of church and state.

Thomas Hobbes was the

Author of the Leviathan, which suggested that people needed the government for peace and security.

The document that first limited the power of the monarch in Great Britain

The Magna Carta

Is obscenity protected by the First Amendment?

no

What must be filed by the individual requesting a warrant before issuing a warrant?

court order

What guideline do courts use to help determine whether evidence obtained is admissible?

Exclusionary rule

What are false statements that are written about a person that are damaging to their reputation?

Libel

What did congress pass requiring federal agencies to share their files with the public

Freedom of Information Act

what occurs following a federal census

House of Representatives membership is reapportioned

what term refers to a party's supporters undergoing changes

party realignment

Which category of party members are most likely to break off if they feel their concerns are being ignored

party purists

which two parties formed the first political system in the united states

the federalists and the democratic republicans

Which political party was supported by agrarian interests and believed that the economy should be based in agriculture

Democratic-Republicans

Which party gained supporters following the Kansas-Nebraska Act

The Republican Party

What is the name of the era in which Americans began to identify themselves as independents rather than democrats or republicans

The Era of Divided Government

What is the name of the third party whose political agenda included reform to the coinage of money as well as taxation?

The populist party

Which is not one of the five functions of political parties?

Control the voting of their members at the ballot box

What is an organization looking to influence public policy known as

Interest group

How do third-party candidates qualify for federal funding

They receive at least 5% of the votes in the previous election

Which amendment made it so that senators are elected directly by the people?

17th amendment

What is the difference between PACs and interest groups?

PAC's main purpose is campaign funding, whereas interest groups participate in many political activities.

Which statement is a factor that led to the decision to establish an electoral college.

Framers wary of the general public voting directly for the president, direct election would leave too much power in the hands of the federal government, and it was hard to spread information quickly and effectively.

What is it called when no political party is dominant

Party dealignment

What replaced caucuses during the Jacksonian era?

Party conventions

Following the election of Richard Nixon, which political party era did the U.S. enter

era of divided gov.

what term is used to refer to the likelihood that people will vote and participate in elections?

Voter intensity

Which is not a method used by politicians to fund their campaigns

state-funded contributions

which limitation did the federal election campaign not implement

$1,000 limitations on individual donations to PACs

donations given to political parties for general use

soft money

Decision of Buckley v. Valeo

PACs had the First Amendment right to indirectly spend money supporting candidates without spending regulations

Term limits for congress

none

what type of organizations have rep. in D.C. lobbying towards cases that benefit their organizations?

Institutional interest groups

Where is a bill sent when it is passed by both the house and the senate but still contains some differences

A conference committee.

what are districts called where the incumbent wins the election with more than 55% of the votes?

safe districts

franking privileges

incumbents can send mail to their constituents without paying postage

amendment that made it so electors would cast one vote for the presidency and one for the vp

12th amendment

how many electoral votes to win the presidency

270

what happens when no candidate receives the minimum number of electoral votes in a presidential election

the house elects the president

which is not one of the three major steps leading to the election of a president

campaigning

what organization used patronage and often failed to follow the will of the people?

political machines

which type of primary only allows registered party members to cast votes?

closed primary

which is not one of the three important goals of a national convention

elect the president

what happens when the president does not sign a bill that is passed by congress early in the legislative session

it becomes a law without the president's signature

what is it called when a candidate is defined by the area that they are coming from

regionalism

who is the head of the department of justice

Attorney General

agency under the department of homeland security

TSA

What percentage of the vote is needed for the senate to confirm treaties or convict an impeached official

2/3

How can a supreme court justice be removed from office

impeached for misconduct

who was roe v. wade decided under

justice warren burger

referenced when the supreme court feels that the issue at hand should be left entirely to another branch of government

doctrine of political question

before 2020, how many women have been appointed to the supreme court

4

term limits for senators

none

what happens when the position of the chief justice needs to be filled

the president nominates a replacement

what amendment gave the president term limits

22nd amendment

Why are regulatory commissioned considered to be more efficient?

They are independent and insulated from politics

In the senate the legislative agenda is controlled by the

majority and minority leaders

An example of supreme court original jurisdiction is

CA suing NV over boundary lines

caveat for a tax bill

cannot originate in the senate

what does "going native" mean

when the head of an agency sides with their department over the president

order of succession

VP, speaker of the house, president pro tempore, secretary of state

riders are

appended clauses

a list of top federal jobs available for direct presidential appointment, often with Senate confirmation

the plum book

warren practiced

judicial activism

which article of the constitution establishes the judicial branch

3

what white house executive office is responsible for creating reports that highlight the trends of inflation and unemployment

council of economic advisors

roll call voting in the house is done

electronically

what types of positions does the president appoint

unclassified positions

what is a trip that reps take for the sake of legislation called

a junket

when is a litmus test applied to presidents to their advisors

when finding a candidate for the supreme court

all of these are presidential requirements except

resident for 14 consecutive years

In order to meet the levels of deficit spending, what needs to be increased by Congress?

debt ceiling

what can congress do that allows them to put an end date on a bureaucratic program or policy

establish a sunset clause

what is the process of rewriting authorized legislation to comply with the budget resolution called

budget reconciliation

appellate courts

have no original jurisdiction

necessary and proper

McCulloch v. Maryland