HBSE Final Exam

rites of passage

ceremonies that demarcate the transition from childhood to adulthood

beginning of puberty

biological change that occurs during the early stage of adolescence

body modesty

psychological change that occurs during early adolescence

concrete/present oriented thought

cognitive change that occurs during early adolescence

early

seeking sameness occurs in __ adolescence

middle adolescence

when does the completion of puberty occur?

middle

Beginning of one-on-one romantic relationships occurs in __ adolescence

late

A renewed interest in culture and tradition occurs in __ adolescence

puberty

the period of life in which the reproductive system matures

primary sex characteristics

growth of scrotum, growth of uterus

secondary sex characteristics

growth of facial hair, breast development, voice changes

Menarche

the onset of menstruation

spermarche

the onset of the ability to ejaculate sperm

60

adolescents should engage in __ minutes of daily physical activity

8-10

adolescents need at least __ hours of sleep

identity vs role confusion

according to Erikson, the adolescent task of finding one’s place in the world is __

genital stage

development of the libido capable of intimacy (Freud)

post conventional morality

development of individual ethics (Kohlberg)

foreclosure

commitment made to roles and values without exploration (Marcia)

identity achievement

exploration of roles and values followed by commitment

moratorium

exploration of roles and values without commitment (Marcia)

delayed prenatal care, miscarriage, toxemia

risks to adolescent women who are pregnant

status offense

skipping school, running away from home, possessing alcohol

more

boys commit crime __ frequently than girls

social bullying

Tony planned a get together at his house and invited all but one classmate. This is an example of:

verbal bullying

Leija made unwanted sexual remarks to Eileen. This is an example of:

physical bullying

Garth pushed Benjie and stole his phone. This is an example of:

bulimia nervosa

Seth has been eating tremendous amounts of food and then takes laxatives to purge

binge eating disorder

Avery’s parents are concerned because she has stolen their credit cards and she has purchased over $500 in junk food

biological adulthood

completion of growth and reproductive capacity

social adulthood

Financial independence is an example of __

differentiation

According to Jung, __ is the process by which humans develop unique patterns and traits

individuation

According to Jung, __ is the full development of all aspects of the self into a unique and harmonious whole.

generativity vs stagnation

psychosocial struggle of middle adulthood (Erikson)

generativity

the ability to transcend personal interests to provide care and concern for younger and older generations

novice phase

Levinson considered the ages of 17 to 33 to be the __ of adulthood

emerging adulthood

a period of prolonged exploration of social and economic roles where young people try out new experiences without committing to any specific lasting plan

default individualization

pathway to adulthood transitions defined by circumstance and situation rather than individual agency

developmental individualization

pathway to adulthood transitions defined by personal agency and deliberately charted growth

26

With the Affordable Care Act enacted in 2010, young adults are able to stay on their parents’ health insurance until age __

one fifth

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration’s data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, __ of young adults in the US used illicit drugs in 2012.

heart disease

In high-income and lower middle-income counteries, __ is the number one cause of death

conscientiousness

tendency to be organized, reliable, and responsible

neuroticism

tendency to be moody, vulnerable, self-conscious, and anxious

extroversion

tendency to be friendly and outgoing

agreeableness

tendency to be cooperative, trusting, and gentle

shifts in perspectives about how much time one has to live

Socioemotional selectivity theory proposes that social goals change over the life course based on __

social convoy theory

suggests that we each travel through life with a network of social relationships that protect, defend, aid, and socialize us

Caregiver burden

negative effects on mental and physical health caused by caregiver stress

life structure

the underlying pattern of a person’s life

dependency ratio

the demographic indicator that expresses degree of demand placed on society by the young and old combined

gerontocracy

a society in which older people are venerated, given deference, and valued in nearly every task

disengagement

__ theory suggests that as elderly individuals grow older, they gradually decrease their social interactions and ties and become increasingly self-preoccupied

activity

__ theory states that higher levels of activity and involvement are directly related to higher levels of life satisfaction in elderly people

continuity

__ posits that individuals adapt to changes by using the same coping styles they have used throughout the life course, and they adopt new roles that substitute for roles lost because of age.

social construction

__ theory aims to understand and explain the influence of social definitions, social interactions, and social structures on the individual elderly person

feminist

__ theory suggests that gender is a key factor in understanding a person’s aging experience

social exchange

__ theory is built on the notion that an exchange of resources takes place in all interpersonal interactions

productive aging

__ theory focuses on the positive changes that have occurred in the older adult population

primary aging

changes that are a normal part of the aging process

secondary aging

changes that are caused by health compromising behaviors

morbidity

indicence of disease

nervous

neurons and synapses are part of the __ system

dementia

brain disease in which memory and cognitive abilities deteriorate over time

mild

Lila is showing signs of memory loss, mood changes, and increased anxiety and aggression. She is likely in the __ stage of Alzheimer’s Disease

moderate

Eric is unable to carry out complex tasks, is paranoid, and has difficulty recognizing his daughter. He is likely in the __ stage of Alzheimer’s Disease

severe

Millie has developed seizures, has lost weight, and is unable to control her bowels and bladder. She is likely in the __ stage of Alzheimer’s Disease

sensory memory

new information is initially recorded in __

secondary memory

information is permanently stored in __

life review

process of evaluating and making sense of one’s life. can include a reinterpretation of past experiences and unresolved conflicts

formal resources

provided by professional service providers. typically have eligibility requirements

informal resources

services provided through families, friends, neighbors, churches, etc

Power of Attorney

Henry is 84 years old and has just been diagnosed with a terminal illness. He wants to make certain his financial and legal affairs are taken care of by someone he trusts, so he asks his daughter to become his __

anger

Ariana is a 65-year-old woman diagnosed with incurable cancer. She is furious with her medical caregivers for not being able to cure her and shows resentment toward her family and friends. She is in which stage of accepting death?

bargaining

Juan has been diagnosed with a terminal heart condition. He promises that he will make peace with his loved ones in exchange for a few more months of life. He is in which stage of accepting death?

bereavement

state of suffering a loss

4

there are __ forms of malnutrition

malnutrition

caused by inadequate intake of nutrients

obesity

caused by excessive intake of high caloric foods

pruning

reduction of synapses in the brain

blooming

overproduction of synapses in the brain

lateralization

occurs when the two hemispheres in the brain begin to operate separately

gross motor

skills that use large muscles

fine motor

skills that use small muscles

squat to pick something up

by 18 months of age, most toddlers can__

walk independently

by 18 months of age, most toddlers can __

preoperational

According to Piaget, the toddler is in the __ stage of development

egocentricism

According to Piaget, __ refers to the perception of reality only from one’s own experience

24 months

at what age should children have a vocabulary of between 50 and 100 words?

methods to teach language to Deaf/Hard of Hearing children

sign language, simultaneous communication, spoken language

superego

personality structure that guides moral development (Freud)

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

According to Erikson, the toddler is in the __ stage of development

cognitive development

__ theory assumes that children’s moral judgments change as their cognitive development allows them to examine the logical and abstract aspects of moral dilemmas

empathy

the ability to understand another person’s emotional condition

perspective taking

the ability to see something from another’s viewpoint

social intelligence

the ability to be attuned to another person

Gilligan

famous for their discussion of gender in moral development

distributive justice

the belief about what constitutes a fair distribution of goods and resources

initiative vs guilt

Erikson proposed that children 3 to 6 are in the __ stage

instrumental aggression

Joquain fought with Aaron over a toy. This is an example of __