ASCP 2025 Ref Ranges + Calculations

from pdf

% Transferrin saturation/UIBC/TIBC formula

NOTE* Reference ranges

• Serum iron: 45-160 µg/dL

• TIBC: 250-425 µg/dL

• % Saturation: 15-55

% transferrin saturation = (serum iron µg/dL /TIBC µg/dL)* 100,

• TIBC = serum iron + UBIC

• UBIC = TIBC − serum iron

Unconjugated/indirect bilirubin formula

Unconjugated (indirect) Bilirubin = Total Bilirubin - Direct Bilirubin

LDL/Friedewald equation/non-HDL formula

• Total Chol = HDL + LDL + VLDL

• VLDL = Trig/5

• LDL = Total Chol - HDL - (Triglyceride/5)
   (indirect, not valid for triglycerides over 400 mg/dL)

A/G ratio

RR = 1-2.5

• ALB/(Total protein - ALB)

Timed urine calculations formula

excretion rate = (urine conc. x urine vol.)/ coll. time

Creatinine clearance formula

P: plasma creatinine mg/dL,

U: urine creatinine mg/dL

V: urine flow in mL/min, and SA: body surface area.

Avg body surface area is 1.73 m^2

Beer’s law formula

A = ebC

direct, linear relationship btn the absorbance of light by a sol. and both its conc. and the path length the light travels through it

Corrected WBC counts when > 10 nRBCs present

Uncorrected WBC (cells/uL) x 100 / (nRBCs + 100)

where nRBCs = # of nRBCs/100 WBCs

Manual hemocytometer counts

(avg # of cells x dil. factor)/(# of large sqrs x 0.1)

OR

(avg # of cells x dil. factor)/(# of small sqrs x 0.4 x 0.1)

= cells/uL

• 0.1 = depth factor

MCH formula

Hgb (g/dL) x 10 / RBC count ( x 10^12/L) = pg

MCV formula

HCT (%) x 10 / RBC count (x 10^12/L)

MCHC formula

Hgb (g/dL) x 100 / Hct (%)

RDW formula

(1 SD/MCV) x 100

Absolute cell counts given the relative values (e.g., WBCs, reticulocytes)

Abs. ___Count = Total Count x (% of specific cell type/100)

Chemistry: Sodium

Conventional Units/SI units: 136-145 mmol/L

Chemistry: Potassium

Conventional Unit/SI Units: 3.5-5.1 mmol/L

Chemistry: Chloride

Conventional Units/SI Units: 98-107 mmol/L

Chemistry: Total CO2

Conventional Units/SI Units: 22-33 mmol/L

Chemistry: Creatinine

• Conventional Units: 0.8-1.2 mg/dL

• SI Units: 71-106 mmol/L

Chemistry: BUN

• Conventional Units: 6-10 mg/dL

• SI Units: 2.1-7.1 mmol/L

Chemistry: Glucose (Fasting)

• Conventional Units: 74-100 mg/dL

• SI Units: 4.1-5.6 mmol/L

Chemistry: HgB A1C # & %

• Conventional Units: <5.7%

• SI Units: 39 mmol/mol

Chemistry: Haptoglobin

• Conventional Units: 30-200 mg/dL

• SI Units: 0.3-2.0 g/L

Chemistry - ABG: pH

Conventional Units/SI Units: 7.35-7.45

Chemistry - ABG: pCO2

• Conventional Units: 35-45 mm Hg

• SI Units: 4.7-5.9 pKa

Chemistry - ABG: pO2

• Conventional Units: >80 mm Hg

• SI Units: >10.6 kPa

Chemistry - ABG: O2 saturation (%)

Conventional Units/SI Units: >95%

Chemistry - ABG: HCO3- (bicarbonate)

Conventional Units/SI Units: 23-29 mmol/L

Hematology: RBC

• Conventional Units: 4.00-6.00 × 10^6 uL

• SI Units: 4.00-6.00 × 10^12 L

Hematology: HgB

• Conventional Units: 12.0 -18.0 g/dL

• SI Units: 120-180 g/L

Hematology: HCT

• Conventional Units: 35.0-50.0%

• SI Units: 0.35-0.50 L/L

Hematology: MCV

Conventional Units/SI Units: 76-100 fL

Hematology: MCH

Conventional Units/SI Units: 26-34 pg

Hematology: MCHC

• Conventional Units: 32-36 g/dL

• SI Units: 320-369 g/L

Hematology: RDW

• Conventional Units: 11.5-14.5%

• SI Units: 0.115-0.145

Hematology: Reticulocytes (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 20-115 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 20-115 × 10^9/L

Hematology: Reticulocyte (relative)

• Conventional Units: 0.5-2.5%

• SI Units: 0.005-0.025

Hematology: nRBCs

Conventional Units/SI Units; 0 nRBC/100 WBC

Hematology: Platelets

• Conventional Units: 150-450 × 10³ uL

• SI Units: 150-450 × 10^9/L

Hematology: WBC total

• Conventional Units: 3.6 - 10.6 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 3.6 - 10.6 × 10^9/L

Hematology: Neutrophils (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 1.7-7.5 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 1.7-7.5 × 10^9/L

Hematology: Neutrophils (relative)

• Conventional Units: 50-70%

• SI Units: 0.50 - 0.70

Hematology: Lymphocytes (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 1.0-3.2 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 1.0-3.2 × 10^9/L

Hematology: Lymphocytes (relative)

• Conventional Units: 18-42%

• SI Units: 0.18 - 0.42

Hematology: Monocytes (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 0.1-1.3 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 0.1-1.3 × 10^9/L

Hematology: Monocytes (relative)

• Conventional Units: 2-11%

• SI Units: 0.02-0.11

Hematology: Eosinophils (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 0-0.3 × 10³ uL

• SI Units: 0-0.3 × 10^9 L

Hematology: Eosinophils (relative)

• Conventional Units: 1-3%

• SI Units: 0.01-0.03

Hematology: Basophils (absolute)

• Conventional Units: 0-0.2 × 10³/uL

• SI Units: 0-0.2 × 10^9 L

Hematology: Basophils (relative)

• Conventional Units: 0-2%

• SI Units: 0.00-0.02

Body Fluids - CSF: WBC & RBC

• Conventional Units: 0-5/uL

• SI Units: 0-5 × 10^6/L

Body Fluid - CSF: Glucose

• Conventional Units: 50-80 mg/dL

• SI Units: 2.8-4.4 mmol/L

Body Fluid - CSF: Protein

• Conventional Units: 15-45 mg/dL

• SI Units: 150-450 mg/dL

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: Liquefaction

Conventional Units/SI Units: 30-60 mins

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: WBC

• Conventional Units: <1 x 10^6/mL

• SI Units: <1 × 10^9/L

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: Volume

Conventional Units/SI Units: 2-5 mL

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: pH

Conventional Units/SI Units: 7.2-8.0

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: Motility

Conventional Units/SI units: >50% within 1 hr

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: Sperm Concentration

• Conventional Units: >20 × 10^6/mL

• SI Units: >20 × 10^9/L

Body Fluid - Seminal Fluid: Morphology

Conventional Units/SI Units: >30% normal forms

Body Fluid - Urine: Specific Gravity

Conventional Units/SI Units: 1.003-1.035

Body Fluid - Urine: pH

Conventional Units/SI Units: 4.5-8.0

Body Fluid - Urine: Protein

• Conventional Units: < 10 mg/dL, trace, or negative

• SI Units: < 0.1 g/L, trace, or negative

Body Fluid - Urine: Bilirubin

• Conventional Units: neg

• SI Units: neg

Body Fluid - Urine: Blood

• Conventional Units: neg

• SI Units: neg

Body Fluid - Urine: Glucose

• Conventional Units: < 15 mg/dL, neg

• SI Units: < 0.8 mmol/L, neg

Body Fluid - Urine: Nitrite

• Conventional Units: neg

• SI Units: neg

Body Fluid - Urine: Leukocyte esterase

• Conventional Units: neg

• SI Units: neg

Body Fluid - Urine: Urobilinogen

• Conventional Units: < 1.0 EU

• SI Units: < 17.0 μmol/L

Body Fluid - Urine: Ketones

• Conventional Units: < 5 mg/dL or neg

• SI Units: < 0.5 mmol/L or neg

Body Fluid - Microscopic: RBC

Conventional Units/SI units: 0 – 3/HPF

Body Fluid - Microscopic: WBC

Conventional Units/SI Units: 0 – 8/HPF

Body Fluid - Microscopic: Casts

Conventional Units/SI Units: 0 – 2 hyaline/LPF

Body Fluid - Microscopic: Epithelial cells

Conventional Units/SI Units: 0 – 5/HPF