Study guide questions 401-450

behavioral psychology

Three kinds of behaviorism

Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning

name the Russian physiologist who discovered classical conditioning

ivan pavlov

In pavlov’s experiment, what was the neutral stimulus

the bell

In pavlov’s experiment what was the unconditioned stimulus

the food

In pavlov’s experiment what was the unconditioned response

salivating

In pavlov’s experiment, what was the conditioned stimulus

the bell

In pavlov’s experiment, what was the conditioned response

salivating

two psychologists who made little albert cry

John B Watson, Rosalie Raynor

In Watson’s experiment, what was the neutral stimulus

the rat

In watson’s experiment, what was the unconditioned stimulus

the loud noise

In watson’s experiment, what was the unconditioned response

fear and crying

In watson’s experiment, what was the conditioned stimulus

the rat

In watson’s experiment, what was the conditioned response

fear and crying

When an animal responds to a CS without the presence of a US, what has occurred

acquisition

the gradual disappearance of a conditioned response

extinction

The sudden reappearance of a conditioned response

reconditioning

responding similarly to a range of similar stimulu

generalization

responding differently to similar but distinct stimuli

discrimination

stimulus that is naturally rewarding like food or water

primary reinforcer

stimulus such as money that we learn to value over time

secondary reinforcer

psychologist who developed instrumental learning

edward thorndike

edward Thorndike put forth what principle

the law of effect

what was the device called that BF skinner used to test his Operant conditioning theories

the skinner box

stimulus added to increase or strengthen a behavior

positive reinforcement

stimulus subtracted to increase or strengthen a behavior

negative reinforcement

stimulus added to decrease or weaken a behavior

positive punishment

stimulus subtracted to decrease or weaken a behavior

negative punishment