Poetry on the AP exam

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34 Terms

1
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lyric

  • subjective

  • reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter

  • reveals poet’s thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression

<ul><li><p>subjective</p></li><li><p>reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter</p></li><li><p>reveals poet’s thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression</p></li></ul><p></p>
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narrative

  • nondramatic

  • objective verse with regular rhyme scheme

  • meter that relates a story

<ul><li><p>nondramatic</p></li><li><p>objective verse with regular rhyme scheme </p></li><li><p>meter that relates a story</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Sonnet

  • a rigid 14 line verse form

  • variable structure and rhyme scheme according to type

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shakespearean (english) sonnet

  • three quatrains and concluding couplet in iambic pentameter

  • rhyming abab cece efef gg or abba cddc effe gg

spensarian sonnet: specialized form with linking rhyme abab bcbc cdcd ee

<ul><li><p>three quatrains and concluding couplet in iambic pentameter</p></li><li><p>rhyming abab cece efef gg or abba cddc effe gg</p></li></ul><p><u>spensarian sonnet:</u> specialized form with linking rhyme abab bcbc cdcd ee</p>
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Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet

  • an octave and sestet between which a break in thought occurs

  • traditional rhyme scheme: abba abba cde cde

    • in the sestet, any variation of c, d, e

<ul><li><p>an octave and sestet between which a break in thought occurs</p></li><li><p>traditional rhyme scheme: abba abba cde cde</p><ul><li><p>in the sestet, any variation of c, d, e</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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ode

elaborate lyric verse that deals seriously with a dignified theme

<p>elaborate lyric verse that deals seriously with a dignified theme</p>
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blank verse

unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter

<p>unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter</p>
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free verse

unrhymed lines witout regular rhythm

<p>unrhymed lines witout regular rhythm</p>
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epic

long dignified narrative poem that gives the account of a hero important to his nation or race

<p>long dignified narrative poem that gives the account of a hero important to his nation or race</p>
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dramatic monologue

a lyric poem in which the speaker tells an audience about a dramatic moment in his/her life and, in doing so, reveals his/her caracter

<p>a lyric poem in which the speaker tells an audience about a dramatic moment in his/her life and, in doing so, reveals his/her caracter</p>
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elegy

a poem of lament, meditating on the death of an individual

<p>a poem of lament, meditating on the death of an individual</p>
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ballad

  • simple, narrative verse tat tells a story to be sung or recited

  • the folk one is anonymously handed down while the literary one has a single author

<ul><li><p>simple, narrative verse tat tells a story to be sung or recited</p></li><li><p>the <u>folk</u> one is anonymously handed down while the <u>literary</u> one has a single author</p></li></ul><p></p>
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assonance

repetition of two or more vowel sounds within a line

<p>repetition of two or more vowel sounds within a line</p><p></p>
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consonance

repetition of two or more consonant sounds within a line

<p>repetition of two or more consonant sounds within a line</p>
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alliteration

the repetition of one or more initial sounds, usually consonants, in words within a line

<p>the repetition of one or more initial sounds, usually consonants, in words within a line</p>
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onomatopoeia

the use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning

<p>the use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning</p>
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metapohor

a figure of speech that makes a direct comparison of unlike objects by identification or substitution

<p>a figure of speech that makes a direct comparison of unlike objects by identification or substitution</p>
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similie

a direct comparison of two unlike objects using like or as

<p>a direct comparison of two unlike objects using like or as</p>
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conceit

an extended metaphor comparing two unlike objects with powerful effect (It owes its roots to elaborate analogies in Petrarch and to the metaphysical poets, particularly Donne)

<p>an extended metaphor comparing two unlike objects with powerful effect (It owes its roots to elaborate analogies in Petrarch and to the metaphysical poets, particularly Donne)</p>
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personification

a figure of speech in which objects and animals have human qualities

<p>a figure of speech in which objects and animals have human qualities</p>
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apostrophe

an address to a person or personified object not present

<p>an address to a person or personified object not present</p>
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metonymy

the substitution of a word that relates to the object or person to be named, in place of the name itself

<p>the substitution of a word that relates to the object or person to be named, in place of the name itself</p>
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synecdoche

a figure of speech in whcih a part represents the whole object or idea

<p>a figure of speech in whcih a part represents the whole object or idea</p>
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hyperbole

gross exaggeration for effect: overstatement

<p>gross exaggeration for effect: overstatement</p>
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litotes

a form of understatement in which the negative of an antonym is used to achieve emphasis and intensity

<p>a form of understatement in which the negative of an antonym is used to achieve emphasis and intensity</p>
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irony

the contrast between actual meaning and the suggestion of another meaning

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verbal irony

meaning one thing and saying another

<p>meaning one thing and saying another</p>
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dramatic irony

two levels of meaning — what the speaker says and what he/she means, and what the speaker says and the author means

<p>two levels of meaning — what the speaker says and what he/she means, and what the speaker says and the author means</p>
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situational irony

  • when the reality of a situation differs from the anticipated or intended effect

  • when something unexpected occurs

<ul><li><p>when the reality of a situation differs from the anticipated or intended effect</p></li><li><p>when something unexpected occurs</p></li></ul><p></p>
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symbolism

the use of one subject to suggest another, hidden object or idea

<p>the use of one subject to suggest another, hidden object or idea</p>
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imagery

the use of words to represent things, actions, or ideas by sensory description

<p>the use of words to represent things, actions, or ideas by sensory description</p>
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paradox

a statement that appears self-contradictory, but that underlines the basis of truth

<p>a statement that appears self-contradictory, but that underlines the basis of truth</p>
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oxymoron

contradictory terms brought together to express a paradox for strong effect

<p>contradictory terms brought together to express a paradox for strong effect</p>
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allusion

a reference to an outside fact, event, or other source

<p>a reference to an outside fact, event, or other source</p>

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