Bridge to A level

Give three ways in which the plum pudding model differs from the current model

• The current model included a nucleus containing protons and neutrons '

• No energy level

• Most of the atom are empty space

Why do we use the Bohr Model

It is simple and clear to understand and it still supports and explains trends

Atomic number

Number of protons in the nucleus

Mass number

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

They have the same electron configuration and the same number of electrons

Which physical properties of isotopes might be different?

The mass, Density, Boiling point, Diffusion rate

Relative Isotopic mass

The mass of an isotope compared with 1/12th mass of an atom of Carbon-12

Empirical Formula Calculation

Calculating the Molecular formula from the Empirical Formula

Water of Crystallisation

Suggest a modification that a student could make to be confident that all of an element has been heated in water of crystallisation

Heat to constant mass