Quiz 1 Archeology and Biological Anthropology

Stratigraphy

science that examines the ways in which earth sediments are deposited in demarcated layers known as strata

Cultural Resource Management (CRM)

the protection and management of archaeological, archival, and architectural resources

Experimental archeology

replicate ancient techniques and processes (e.g., toolmaking) under controlled conditions

Colonial archeology

Are historical archeologists who use written records to as guides to locate and excavate post contact sites in North and South America, and to verify or question the written accounts

Classical archeology

affiliated with university departments of classics or the history of art, rather than anthropology departments, interested in architectural and sculptures

Remote sensing

A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study. Airplanes and satellite images.

Systematic Survey

study of settlement patterns over a large area. Walking over entire survey area and recording the location and size of all sites.

Relative dating

A technique used to determine which of two fossils is older

absolute dating

A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil

excavation

the process of digging up the remains of the past

flotation

The use of fluid suspension to recover tiny burned plant remains and bone fragments from archaeological sites.

paleontology

the study of fossils

palynology

study of ancient plants through pollen samples can help determine a site's environment at the time of occupation

taphonomy

the study of what happens to the remains of an animal from the time of death to the time of discovery

bone biology

study of bone as a biological tissue

Paleopathology

study of disease and injury in skeletons from archaeological sites

Discuss why archeologists and biological anthropologists consider many aspects of their studies to be multidisciplinary

Archeologists and biological anthropologists consider many aspects of their studies to be multidisciplinary because scientists from other fields such as soil science and paleontology collaborate with them in the study of ancient sites.

Choose one or more of the following issues: cooperation, self-awareness, appreciation of the other, and morality. Discuss your opinions as to how and why the trait came into being in our past. Are there evolutionary reasons, cultural reasons, or both?

The following issues have integrated themselves into our past through enculturation as well as learning through experience. For instance, morality can be regarded differently varying on the individual's culture.

apes and humans

Apes are humans closest relatives. It is evident in our anatomy, brain structure, genetics, and biochemistry. Learning ability based on a large brain, substantial parental investment in a limited number of offspring, and tendencies toward sociality and cooperation.