Role Development Exam 2

EBP

Using current research to solve problems with clinical experience

Independent Variable

Variable that you change

Dependent Variable

Variable effected by the change

Validity

Accurate and measures what it should

Reliability

Getting the same result as prior

Population

Entire group effected by the problem

Sample

Small amount out of the population to study

Participant/Subject

Who has agreed to be part of the study

Control group

One that is being studied, being compared to see what the findings are

Informed Consent

Pt agrees to be apart of the study after being explained the risks/benefits

Literature Review

.Edu, .Gov, 5 years old

Credible Sources

PubMed, MedLine, CINAHL, Cochran Library, Online Journals

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

Reviews, monitors and approves research involving human subjects to ensure protection of rights, safety and welfare

Qualitative Research

Literature (gain a greater understanding of life hx)

Phenomenology

Focuses on subjective, lived experiences and perceptions of an individual

Ethnography

Studies cultural patterns and behaviors within a group/community

Case Studies

Detailed analysis of a person, group, event that allows researchers to report in depth information

Life Histories

Detailed accounts of life experiences, includes interviews and narratives

Quantitative Research

Can be measured or counted

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Randomly picking a sample

Longitudinal

Look back over a period of time

Descriptive Study

Collects data to describe characteristics of someone without explaining why or how they occur

Methodological Study

Used to develop equipment

Probability

Occurs by chance, expressed as a decimal

Level of Significance

How important its going to be

Clinical Significance

Actual outcomes

1st level of Research/Evidence Hierarchy

Background info/Expert opinion

2nd level of R/E hierarchy

Case studies/reports

3rd level of R/E hierarchy

Cohort studies

4th level of R/E hierarchy

RCTs

5th level of R/E hierarchy

Articles

6th level of R/E hierarchy

Evidence Synthesis

7th level of R/E hierarchy

Systematic reviews

Government

Publicly owned

Nonprofit Organization

Not there for the money, charity

Proprietary Corporation

Profit making

Sole proprietorship

Owned by one person

Custodial care

Personal care aid helps with ADL/Household chores

Skilled Nursing Care

Nursing home for rehab and nursing care

Long-Term acute care

Disorder after disorder, can cause extensive stay

Discharge planning

Happens at time of admission

Acute care

Hospital, inpatient

Outpatient

Less than 24 hrs

24hrs observation

To monitor before making the decision to admit or discharge

Long Term Care

Nursing Home/Assisted Living

Hospice Care

Can be in hospital, nursing home, home, hospice house/seized all care

Ambulatory care

Outpatient (X-ray, labs, dialysis, PCP, one day surgery, wound care)

Home care

Hospital at home

Palliative care

Keeps comfortable, can try and treat

Transitional care

Discharge form one area to admission somewhere else

Rehabilitation care

Admitted, inpatient (physical, occupational, speech therapy)

Tertiary care

Specialties

Hospitality units

Hotel for families

Medicaid

Household size, income and/or disability

Medicare

Age, retirement, disability

Skilled Nursing Facility

Patient in nursing home temporarily, billed through Medicare

Assisted Living Facility

More freedom, have to be independent with transfer

Public Health Agencies

Health dept (local>state>CDC), update healthy people

Home care agencies

Home bound, has to be a great ordeal to get out of home and get care

Adult day care

Day care for adults

Community mental health centers

Behavioral health

Interdisciplinary team

All specialties come together to discuss goals

Shortage of nurses

Persist as population ages and more people enter due to expansion of healthcare insurance coverage

Access to healthcare

Economical, geographical and sociocultural reasons

Primary care provider

Provides entry into the healthcare system, can be NP, MD or PA

Joint Commission

Improves by certifying/evaluating many facilities

Accreditation

Peer review process that evaluates educational institutions/programs to make sure they meet quality standards

Quality improvement

What we can do to make it better

Quality assurance

Citations/violations

Medicare/Medicaid certification

Can withhold admissions, held accountable

Performance improvement

Continuous data driven cycle aimed at enhancing patient safety, quality of care and operational efficiency

Quality indicators

Standardized, evidence based tools used to measure and track clinical performance, outcomes and safety

Defendant

One being sued

Plaintiff

The one suing

Liability

Legal/financially responsible for actions

Negligence

Failure to efficiently care for patient (Someone falling from bed)

Assault

Saying

Battery

Doing

Libel

Written

Slander

Saying

Defamation of character

Libel, slander

Misdemeanor

Less than 1 year

Felony

Over 1 year

Good Samaritans Law

Protects bystanders who provide care in an emergency situation from civil liability in the event something goes wrong

Advance Directives

Legal documents that allow individuals to specify end of life care and make decisions for if/when they are unable to

Living Will

Specifies Indicated treatment preferences for when you can’t communicate them yourself

Power of Attorney

Enables a trusted person to act on your behalf for legal, financial and health matters

Malpractice

Demonstrated that a reasonable professional would have acted differently (Misdiagnoses, Medication mistakes)

False imprisonment

Unlawful restraint of a person’s movement without consent

Restraints

No more than 24 hours

State board of Nursing

Enforce the nurse practice act

Nurse Practice Act

Defines the scope, standards and regulations of a nursing practice within a state

ANA code of ethics

Framework for ethical decision making

HIPPA

Privacy

Intentional Tort

Assault, Battery, Defamation of Character, violation of privacy

Unintentional Tort

Malpractice, Negligence

Patient Self Determination Act

Requires facilities to allow patients to make their own decisions regarding healthcare

Fraud

Billing, medications, identity, credentials

Litigation

Process of taking legal action

Fact witness

One who witnessed the incident