Enzymes and Transport Mechanisms

Flashcards covering key concepts related to enzymes, their functions, and principles of osmosis and diffusion.

Enzymes are __ molecules that act as catalysts in metabolic reactions.

Helper (or protein) molecules.

All chemical reactions in living organisms require __ to work.

Enzymes.

Enzymes known for building molecules are called __ enzymes.

Synthesis enzymes.

Enzymes known for breaking down molecules are called __ enzymes.

Digestive enzymes.

Enzymes lower the __ energy required for a reaction.

Activation.

Each enzyme needs to be the right __ for the specific job it performs.

Shape.

Enzymes are named for the reaction they help and usually end in ‘__’.

ase.

Salivary amylase breaks starch into __.

Maltose.

Enzymes are __ by the reactions they catalyze and can be reused.

Not used up.

The & model describes how enzymes and substrates fit together.

Lock & Key.

Temperature and __ are factors affecting enzyme action because they influence the enzyme's shape.

pH.

A __ solution has a lower concentration of dissolved molecules than its surroundings.

Hypotonic.

In a __ solution, water will move from the cell into the surrounding solution.

Hypertonic.

An isotonic solution is one where the concentration of dissolved molecules is __ inside and outside the cell.

The same.

In osmosis, water moves from a solution to a solution to balance solute concentration.

Hypotonic; hypertonic.

The diffusion of Iodine is evident by a change in color of the dialysis bag from __ to blue.

Colorless.