DNA Structure and Replication

This set of flashcards covers key concepts about the structure and replication of DNA.

The basic building blocks of DNA are __.

Nucleotides

DNA has a __ structure characterized by two strands coiled around each other.

double helix

__ bond holds the sugar-phosphate backbone together.

Covalent

Adenine pairs with __ in DNA structure.

Thymine

The difference between purines and pyrimidines is that purines have fused rings, while pyrimidines have ring.

two; one

The ends of DNA molecules are referred to as and ends.

5'; 3'.

In DNA replication, __ unwinds the DNA strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.

Helicase

The __ adds new DNA nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

DNA polymerase

Okazaki fragments are associated with the __ strand during DNA replication.

lagging

The __ formed during DNA replication ensures the copying of DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.

leading strand

Telomeres are located at the __ of chromosomes.

ends

Erwin Chargaff's rule states that the amount of equals the amount of in DNA.

adenine; thymine

and used X-ray diffraction to determine that DNA had a double helix structure.

Wilkins; Franklin

DNA replication is described as __ because each new double helix has one original strand and one new strand.

semi-conservative

In eukaryotes, DNA replication begins at multiple __ along the DNA molecule.

origins