Test 2 CSD 353

According the myoelastic areodynamic theory of phonation, what are the aerodynamic forces responsible for?

Movement of the lower margin of the vocal folds

Contraction of the thyroarytenoid muscle will result in which of the following actions?

Shortening of the vocal folds

The contraction of this muscle lengthens and stiffens the vocal folds causing an increase in pitch. 

Cricothyroid Muscle

Contraction of this muscle will cause the vocal folds to move away from the midline

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

This cartilage has two processes, the vocal process and the muscular process.

Arytenoid Cartilages

When a sound moves from one medium to another (for example from air to water) what change is most likely to occur? 

The wavelength will change

Due to a recent neck injury, your client's left vocal fold is dislocated and stuck in the abducted (open) position.

You complete a voice quality assessment on her voice after her injury. Make some hypotheses regarding how her vocal quality assessments might change.

Diminished, Diminished, Diminished

Select the measure that fundamental frequency is most closely related to. 

The duration of one vibratory cycle during conversational speech

This Maximum Performance Measures can be used to measure both the consistency of the vibratory cycle but also gives us a reflection of respiratory health.

Maximum Phonation Time

Why is the value of dynamic range usually lower than conversational intensity?

Because of how they're calculated: dynamic range is a difference, conversational intensity is an average.

it is very common for people to end their utterances in vocal fry, a very low frequency phonation with sort of a "popping" sound to it. This is an example of which register? 

Pulse Register

Why would it be a bad idea to use maximum phonation frequency range to measure jitter?

The frequency changes during the glides

Why do we report Maximum Phonation Frequency Range (MPFR) as semitones or octaves and not Hz? 

The perceptual difference between adjacent frequencies decreases as frequency increases (adjacent frequencies begin to sound more similar as frequency increases)

Compared to tidal breathing, what is different about the expiratory phase of speech breathing?

Requires the use of inspiration muscles

Resting expiratory end level can be best described by which of the following:

Recoil forces of the chest wall equal recoil forces of the lungs

What mechanism is primarily responsible for expiration at the beginning of an utterance?

Inspiratory muscles

Select the statement that best completes the following sentence:

A low pass filter ______________________________

removes frequencies above a cutoff frequency

Below is a power spectrum. The fundamental frequency has been filtered out of this wave. But we can still determine the fundamental frequency. What is the fundamental frequency of the (original) wave?

 

117 Hz

What is the best definition of vital capacity?

Starting at resting expiratory end level, breathing in as much air as possible then breathing out as much air as possible

What is the purpose of an acoustic filter?

To change the amplitude of some frequencies in the wave

A person has a 17cm long vocal tract, meaning the formants of their neutral vowel are:

F1: 500Hz

F2: 1500Hz

F3: 2500Hz

She moves her tongue forward in the mouth. Select the correct change

 

F2: 1700Hz

As human's grow from childhood to adulthood both their vocal tracts and vocal folds lengthen over time. What happens to the frequencies of the formants?

They lower because the vocal tract gets longer

According to the Source Filter Theory, changing the shape of the vocal tract will change

the frequencies of formants

Jeff and Keira both have 14cm long vocal tracts. Jeff's fundamental frequency is lower than Keira's. Which of the following statements is true

Jeff and Keira will have similar formant frequencies

Select the best definition of the source filter theory. 

The configuration of the vocal tract determines which harmonics from the pressure wave generated by the vocal folds will be amplified or attenuated