Gestational Age Estimation and Pregnancy Management

These flashcards summarize key concepts related to gestational age estimation, pregnancy management practices, and prenatal and postpartum care.

What is the most accurate method for estimating gestational age in the first trimester?

Ultrasound estimation using mean gestational sac diameter and/or crown-rump length (CRL) is more accurate.

What does CRL measure in pregnancy?

Crown-rump length measures the longest straight line length of the embryo from the outer margin of the cephalic end to the rump.

When is the LMP method most accurate for dating pregnancy?

LMP is most accurate between 7 to 12 weeks.

What are the indications for using ultrasound over LMP for gestational age estimation?

Ultrasound is used for more accurate results when cycles are irregular or when precise ovulation dates are unknown.

What is the recommended increase in fiber intake during pregnancy?

An increase of 2-3g of fiber daily for a total of 28g.

What are the risks associated with high mercury fish consumption during pregnancy?

Limit to no more than 150g (5.3 oz) per month.

What are the normal ranges for blood pressure during pregnancy?

Expected to be between 100-140 / 60-90 mmHg.

What does beta HCG signify in early pregnancy?

hCG is made in early pregnancy, forming the basis for pregnancy testing using maternal urine or serum.

What are the different methods to calculate Estimated Due Date (EDB)?

Methods include Last Menstrual Period (LMP), CRL, and first-trimester ultrasound.

What is the threshold for changing the Estimated Due Date (EDD) during pregnancy?

EDD should be changed when the LMP and day 1 ultrasound differ by more than 5 days.

What is the best approach for prenatal screening regarding the safety of the pregnancy?

Prenatal screening is non-invasive, involving ultrasound and blood work.

What is the primary benefit of NIPT in prenatal care?

NIPT looks at placental DNA to assess the chance for genetic differences such as trisomy.

What dietary supplement is recommended to pregnant clients to prevent anemia?

Iron supplements of 40-200mg elemental iron daily are recommended.

What is the significance of the review of personal medical history during pregnancy?

To identify chronic conditions and ensure safe prenatal care.

What signs indicate that a mother may be experiencing perinatal depression?

Intense sadness, anxiety, fatigue, and feelings of helplessness.

How often should fetal heart rate be monitored in the second stage of labor?

FHR should be assessed every 5 minutes.

What characteristics might suggest a risk of suboptimal birth outcomes in rural settings?

Absence of local maternity services leads to higher rates of birth complications.

What are common risks associated with adolescent pregnancies?

Adolescent mothers have higher rates of repeat pregnancy, substance use, and developmental issues in their infants.