3.1.3.4 Bonding and physical properties
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36 Terms
name the four types of crystal structures
ionic, metallic, macromolecular, simple molecular
what is a macromolecular structure
a giant covalent molecule
give 4 examples of physical properties
boiling point, melting point, solubility and conductivity
what mp and bp do ionic crystals have
high
why do ionic crystals have high mp and bp
electrostatic forces are strong and require a lot of energy to break
when can ionic crystals conduct
when molten or in a solution
why can ionic crystals conduct when molten
the ions are free to move and carry charge
are ionic crystals brittle
yes
why are ionic substances brittle
layers of ions repel breaking the lattice
why do atoms with more ions have a greater mp in ionic crystals
there are more electrostatic forces
can metals conduct
yes
why do metals conduct
the sea of electrons is free to move and carry charge
why are metals malleable
layers of positive ions are able to slide over each other
what state are metals normally at rtp
solid
what kind of melting point do metals have
high
why do higher charged ions have higher ups in metals
more protons means more electrons so stronger electrostatic forces
what forces hold simple molecules together
van der walls
are van Der walls in simple covalent molecules weak or strong
weak
what boiling/melting points does simple covalent molecules have
low
can simple molecules conduct
no
why can’t simple molecules conduct
there are no charged particles
what bonding does a macromolecule have
covalent
why do macromolecules have a high melting point
they have multiple strong covalent bonds
what structure has low melting points
simple molecular
what structure is diamond
macromolecular
how many covalent carbon-carbon bonds does diamond have
4
why is diamond so strong
it has 4 covalent carbon-carbon bonds
how many carbon-carbon bonds does graphite have
3
why can graphite conduct
is has free electrons which move between layers
why does graphite have free electrons
they’re not used in bonding
what is a positively charged ion called
cation
what is a negatively charged ion called
anion
what crystal structure is ice
simple molecule
what crystal structure is iodine
simple molecule
what crystal structure is magnesium
metallic
what crystal structure is sodium chlorides
ionic
Note 
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