The Reproductive System

Medical Terminology Chapter 14

cervic/o

cervix (neck of uterus)

colp/o

vagina

-gravida

pregnant

gynec/o

woman, female

hyster/o

uterus

mast/o

breast

men/o

menstruation, mensus

orchid/o

testicles

ov/o

egg, ovum

ovari/o

ovary

-para

to give birth

-pexy

surgical fixation

salping/o

fallopian tube

test/i

testicle, testis

vagin/o

vagina

Genitalia

Organs of reproduction and their associated structures

External genitalia

Reproductive organs located outside of the body cavity.

Internal genitalia

Reproductive organs protected within the body.

Perineum

External surface region in both males and females between the public symphysis and the coccyx.

Male perineum

Extends from the scrotum to the area around the anus.

Female perineum

Extends from the pubic symphysis to the area around the anus.

External male genitalia

Penis and the scrotum, which contains two testicles.

Internal male genitalia

Include the remaining structures of the male reproductive system.

Scrotum

Sac-like structure that surrounds, protects, and supports the testicles.

Testicles

Two small, egg-shaped glands that produce the sperm.

What is testicles also known as?

Testes

Seminiferous tubules

Sperm is formed in here

Epididymis

Coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle.

Spermatic cord

Extends upward from the epididymis and is attached to each testicle.

Spermatozoa

Are the male gametes.

What is spermatozoa also known as?

Sperm

Male gametes are what?

Reproductive cells

Ejaculate

Expel suddenly

Spermatogensis

The process of sperm formation.

-genesis

Creation

Penis

Male sex organ that transports the sperm into the female vagina.

Both penile and phallic mean?

Relating to the penis.

Gland Penis

Sensitive region located at the tip of the penis.

Glans penis is also known as?

Head of the penis

Foreskin

Retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers and protects the glands penis.

Foreskin is also known as?

Prepuce

Vas deferens

Long, narrow continuations of each epididymis.

Vas deferens is also known as?

Ductus deferens

Seminal vesticles

Glands that secrete a thick, yellow substance to nourish the sperm cells.

Ejaculatory duct

Begins at the vas deferens, passes through the prostate gland and empties into the urethra.

Prostate gland

Lies under the bladder and surrounds the end of the urethra in the region where the vas deferens enters the urethra.

Two bulbourethral glands

Located just below the prostate gland and either side of the urethra.

Urethra

Passes through the penis to the outside of the body.

What does the urethra serve as for the males?

Both reproductive and urinary systems

Andrologist

Doctor focusing on the treatment of conditions affecting male fertility and sexuality.

andro

Male

Urologist

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the genitourinary system of males and the urinary system of females.

Balanitis

Inflammation of the glans penis that is usually caused by poor hygiene in men who haven’t had a circumcision.

Phimosis

Narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so i cannot be retracted to expose the glands penis.

Erectile Dysfunction (DS)

Inability of the male to achieve or maintain a penile erection.

What is ED also known as?

Impotence

DS

Erectile Dysfunction

Peyronie’s Disease

Form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection.

Peyronie’s Disease is also known as?

Penile curvature

Priapism

Painful and persistent erection lasting 4 hours or more, but is either not caused by sexual excitement or does not go away after sexual stimulation has ended.

Premature ejjaculation

Condition in which the male reaches climax too soon, usually before or shortly after penetration.

Andropause

Condition marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone.

Andropause is also referred to as?

Male menopause

Cryptorchidism

A developmental defect seen in newborns in which one or both of the testicles have failed to descend into their normal position in the scrotum.

Epididymitis

Painful inflammation of the epididymis resulting from a bacterial infection.

Hydrocele

Fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles.

-cele

hernia or swelling

Testicular cancer

Cancer that begins in the testicles.

Testicular torsion

Sharp pain in the scrotum caused by twisting of the vas deferens and blood vessels leading into the testicle.

Torsion

Twisting

Orchitis

Inflammation of one or both testicles

Orchitis is also known as?

Testitis

Varicocele

A knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum.

Azoospermia

Absence of sperm in semen.

zoo

Life

-ia

abnormal condiiton

Oligospermia

Sperm count of below 15 million/mL.

Oligospermia is also known as?

Low sperm count

Hematospermia

Presence of blood in the semen.

hemat/o

blood

Sperm count

Testing of freshly ejaculated semen to determine the volume plus the number, shape, size, and motility of the sperm.

Sperm count is also known as?

Sperm analysis

Testicular self-examination

Self-help step in early detection of testicular cancer by detecting lumps, swelling, or changes in the skin of the scrotum.

Curcumcision

Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis.

Orchiectomy

Surgical removal of one or both testicles.

Orchiectomy is also spelled as?

Orchidectomy

Orchiopexy

Repair of cryptorchidism, which is an undescended testicle.

Varicocelectomy

Removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele.

Varic/o

Varicose vein

cel

swelling

Bilateral orchiectomy

Surgical removal or destruction of both testicles.

Bilateral orchiectomy is also known as?

Castration

Vasectomy

Male sterilization procedure in which a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically blocked or cut.

Vasovasotomy

Procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized man.

Vasovasotomy is also known as?

Vasectomy reversal

-ostomy

Surgically creating an opening.

Cryopreservation

Sperm allows a man to freeze his sperm indefinitely to use later for in vitro fertilization, intrauterine insemination, or sperm donation.

PSE5 inhibitors

Drugs such as Viagra used to treat erectile dysfunction by causing vasodilation in the penis.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Infections caused by either bacteria or viruses that affect both males and females.

STDs are also known as?

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)