WLFF1 Chapter 3-Safety on Wildland Fires

Maintaining prompt communication with your crew members, supervisor, and adjoining forces falls into the ____________ category of the Standard fire orders

organizational control

Posting lookouts falls into the ____________ category of the standard fire orders.

fire line safety

There are __________ standard fire orders

ten

What is the last of the ten standard firefighting orders ?

Fight fire aggressively, having provided for safety first

The Standard fire orders were permanently established to:

prevent more tragedies in the fire services and reduce deaths.

One of the situations that shout "Watch Out!" is when safety zones and escape routes are:

not identified.

The presence of ________ qualifies as one of the situations that shout "Watch Out!"

frequent spot fires across the fireline

One of the situations that Shout "Watch Out!" warns of what type of weather changes ?

Weather becomes hotter and drier

If you do not know what the fire is doing and you can't determine this information by personal observation:

send someone to scout out to get it.

Being unfamiliar with local weather and other factors that may influence fire behavior is an example of a(n):

watch out situation

There are __________ watch outs.

eighteen

A properly designated safety zone:

should not require the deployment of a fire shelter.

How should a lookout be chosen?

Lookouts need to be able to recognize and anticipate dangerous situations.

The distance between safety zones and fires should be at least _____________ times the maximum flame height.

four

_________ is the time it takes for crew members to make it to a safety zone.

Escape time

What is a characteristic of good safety zones?

They should not be downwind from the fire.

A(n) __________ is a Preplanned route that fire fighters take to move to a safety zone

escape route

How is tactical weather information used in wildland fire operations?

Information is recorded at regular intervals to enable you to detect changes in fire behavior

What is a characteristic required of an on-site lookout?

Must be knowledgeable in fire behavior to know what to look for

Establishing trigger points is a part of what aspects of LCES ?

Escape routes

A sample medical incident report can be found in the emergency medical care section of the:

IRPG

The Medical Incident Report:

helps determine and obtain medical resources most suited for the incident.

What type of protective gear should be worn during wildland firefighting ?

Cotton, wool or part-wool socks

Gloves should be_____________ and made specifically for fighting fires.

leather

when it is time to deploy your fire shelter:

find a site clear of flammable vegetation.

When should a fire shelter be deployed?

If there is doubt that you can escape the encroaching fire.

What is a consideration for deploying fire shelters?

Drop your gear as soon as you realize your escape may be compromised.

When positioning an apparatus, you should:

Park the vehicle in an area devoid of vegetation.

A ____________ is a tree with a structural defect. These defects can cause the entire tree or part of the tree to fall.

hazard tree

A _____________ is a low topography point between two high points in a mountain range.

Saddle

If power lines are downed or drooping:

do not spray water directly at them.

A ______________ is a steep drainage on the side of a mountain.

chimney

A ______________ is two canyon walls so close together that spotting can easily occur on the opposite canyon wall, trapping the firefighter between two bodies of fire.

narrow canyon

Due to extreme, prolonged exertion, firefighters at risk for a condition where muscle tissue begins to break down and release damaging proteins in the blood. This condition is known as:

rhabdomyolysis

What are heat cramps?

A condition that should be remedied with hydration and getting out of the sun

The symptoms of moderate carbon monoxide levels in the blood are a possible:

headache, nausea, increased fatigue and drowsiness.

What is the best way to combat dehydration while fighting wildland fires?

Drink water before working, while working, and after working.

Too much exposure to carbon monoxide will cause:

headaches, fatigue, and drowsiness.

Once on the fireline, what is the minimum fluid consumption rate?

1 quart of water per hour

What is considered one of the human hazards firefighters should be concerned about?

Critical stress