Geographic Data, GIS, GPS and Remote sensing

What is Geographic Information Systems (GIS)?

A computer-based 3-D map-making tool that uses layers of different information to show connections among phenomena.

What is the starting point for GIS data?

Location, defined by specific longitude/latitude, elevation, and physical terrain.

What types of information can be layered in GIS?

Population, income level, ethnic background, average precipitation, etc.

List some uses of Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Monitoring farmland and productivity, military operations, analyzing boundary changes, identifying potential customers, urban planning, and disaster relief.

What are some positives of using GIS technology?

More maps can be created quickly and easily with modern technology.

What are some negatives associated with GIS?

Increasing emphasis on discriminatory information (like income and ethnicity) and privacy concerns related to surveillance.

What does GPS stand for and what is its purpose?

Global Positioning System; it is a satellite-based radio navigation system used to identify specific locations.

What is remote sensing?

Photography of the Earth's surface via satellite, airplane, or drone.

What types of data does census data typically show?

Demographics (ages/backgrounds), economic basics (income levels), and education levels.

What are census tracts and how do they relate to counties?

Census tracts are subdivisions within counties that often correlate to neighborhoods or areas, possibly zip codes.

What are some additional geographic technologies and applications?

Field observations, media reports, travel narratives, policy documents, personal interviews, landscape analysis, and photographic interpretation.

How does GIS help in urban planning?

By analyzing various layers of data to inform decisions about land use and development.

What is the role of GIS in disaster relief?

It helps in planning and coordinating responses to disasters like hurricanes and other emergencies.

How does GIS display patterns and relationships?

By stacking multiple layers of information, making it easier to see connections among different phenomena.

What is the significance of using layers in GIS?

Layers allow for a more comprehensive analysis of spatial data, revealing insights that single-layer maps cannot provide.

In what ways can GIS be used in military operations?

For strategic planning, troop movements, and analyzing terrain and potential threats.

What is the impact of modern technology on map-making with GIS?

It allows for quicker and easier creation of maps, enhancing the efficiency of geographic analysis.

What concerns arise from the 'surveillance' aspect of GIS?

Privacy issues related to the collection and use of sensitive information.

How does GIS contribute to identifying potential customers for new businesses?

By analyzing demographic and economic data to target specific market segments.

What is the relevance of remote sensing for organizations like NOAA?

It provides critical data for monitoring environmental conditions and managing natural resources.

What is the importance of layering information in GIS?

It facilitates the visualization of complex relationships and patterns in geographic data.