ASLP 5840 RHD Review

Left Neglect

A condition in which affected individuals fail to respond to stimuli on the side of the body opposite to the brain injury

Anosognosia

Denial of illness

Constructional Impairment

Impairment on performance of tasks involving drawing or copying geometric designs, creating designs with colored blocks, or reproducing 3D constructions, etc. in the absence of perceptual or motor impairments 

Topographic Impairment 

A condition in which the affected person has difficulty orienting to extraperonal space 

Geographic Disorientation

Individuals recognize at least the general nature of their surroundings, but are mistaken about where they are

Reduplicative Paramnesia

Believe in the existence of duplicate persons, places, body parts, or events

Visuoperceptual Impairments

Difficulty identifying common items/objects when the drawings are incomplete, distorted, or otherwise changed from their traditional, prototypic form 

Prosopagnosia

Facial recognition deficits, inability to recognize otherwise familiar persons by their facial features

RHS Prosody

Diminished, lacks variability in pitch and loudness; speech often monotonous and seemingly devoid of emotion; reduced spontaneity and variety in nonverbal movements 

RHS Pragmatic Impairments 

Social and interactional components of language (turn-taking, topic maintenance, social conventions, eye contact); end conversational abruptly; poor maintaining eye contact; difficulty staying on topic; interjections; talk excessively

RHS Is a Communication Disorder

Words are there, but the use of tone and context are impaired. RHS has physically “correct” grammar and words. The main issues are prosody, pragmatics, and understanding context 

Sustained Attention Treatment Approach 

Drills range from paper and pencil tasks to vigilance drills that require patient to monitor a display and signal when a stimulus appears 

Selective Attention Treatment Approach

Drills in which the patient performs a sustained attention task in the presence of competing or distracting stimuli; stroop test

Alternating Attention Treatment Approach

Can modify any sustained attention task by periodically changing stimulus characteristics or response requirements

Divided Attention Treatment Approach

Allocation of mental resources — some patients cannot tell which aspects of a task are more important than others

Impaired Reasoning and Problem Solving Treatment Approach

Identify the problem —> think of several solutions —> evaluate the feasibility and potential consequences of each solution —> choose the best solution —> apply it —> evaluate the results

Reading Treatment Approach

Scanning training; use of highlighters, markers, colored dots, rulers

Pragmatics Treatment Approach

Involves clinician coaching of the patient; clinician-patient development of strategies alternating with structured practice