UCSAP: Prelim

NATIONALITY

Is the identity that is tied to being part of a nation or country.

NATIONALIZATION

Is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country.

ETHNIC GROUPS

Is a human population whose members identity with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry.

-180 Ethnic Groups

-100 Tribal Groups

SEX

Refers to the biological characteristics of human such as male, female.

Gender

Refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriates for men and women

HETEROSEXUAL

A person with this gender is inclined to be sexually attracted to a person of the opposite sex.

HOMOSEXUAL

When a person is sexually attracted to a person of the same sex.

GAY

A male who is romantically and sexually attracted to another

male.

LESBIAN

A female who is romantically and sexually attracted to another female.

BISEXUAL

Some individuals who are attracted to both sexes.

ASEXUAL

Some who are totally incapable of being attracted to any sex.

POLYSEXUAL

Individuals who are attracted to multiple types of gender identity.

PANSEXUAL

Individuals who accommodate all types of gender.

TRANSGENDER

There are people whose gender identities do not match their biological identities as male or female.

TRANSSEXUAL

There sexual orientation is not related to their genitalia, which allow them to identify with any type of gender.

The typical determinants of one's social status include:

-Income

-Value of assets and

-Savings

-Cultural interest and hobbies

Social Class

Way to categorize people in society based on their similar status.

Social Class

-Rich

-High Income (but not rich)

-Upper Middle Income

-Middle Class

-Lower Middle Class

-Low income (but not poor)

-Poor

Political Identity

As a social category refers to the set of attitudes and practices that an individual adheres to in relation to the political systems and actors within his or her society

Religion

The belief in the supernatural has been one of the universal preoccupations of humans as early 60,000 years ago.

MONOTHEISTIC

Believing in the existence of one God.

POLYTHEISTIC

Believing in the existence of multiple Gods.

Natural Science

It is a branch of science that deals with the natural world:

its processes, elements, and composition

Social Science

-Social Science is a branch of science primarily focuses in Human society and social relationship

-It includes anthropology, sociology, political science, economics, psychology, geography as its branches.

ANTHROPOLOGY

-Study of humanity

-It came from a latin word anthropos means man

-Logos means to study

-The study of human beings and their ancestors through time and space.

Franz Boas

-Father of American Anthropology (1858-1942)

-He advocate cultural relativism or the complexity if all culture whether primitive or not.

Edward B. Taylor (1832-1917)

From his book Primitive Culture (1871) first gave the definition of culture

Cultural Anthropology

The study of people with their variations and progress in terms of culture.

Linguistic Anthropology

The study of language, its evolution, and its connection to other languages in society

Archaeology Anthropology

The study of past human cultures through their material remains

Biological Anthropology

The study of human origin, which includes genetics, race, evolution. fossils and our ancestors

Applied Anthropology

They analyze social, political, and economic problems and

develop solutions to respond to present problems

Goals of Anthropology

-Observe the common things among people (tradition, languages, and others).

-Discover what makes people different from each other.

-Create new knowledge

SOCIOLOGY

Study of human relationship with human society and interaction. It came from a latin word SOCUIS means COMPANION

Auguste Comte

He introduced the term POSITIVISM. It is the study society scientifically through evidences, experiments, and statistics

to clearly see the operations of the society

Karl Marx

He disagreed with Comte's Positivism and believed that

societies developed and progressed because of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production.

Social Organization

Group of interacting people with the same goals.

Social Psychology

Study of how people's thoughts, feelings, beliefs, intentions and behavior are influenced by the social environment.

Human Ecology

Study of interactions between human beings and nature in different cultures.

Applied Sociology

The information about society to solve social issues.

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Is a discipline in social science concerned primarily in the state, government, and politics. It came from a latin word POLIS means City State SCIRE means "to know"

Areas of Political Science

-Political Theory

-Public Law

-Public Administration

-International Relation

Goals of Pol.Scie

-Make people better citizens

-Keep social order and harmony among different groups of people

-Protect the right of an individual

-Avoid conflict and promote cooperate