Section 8 quest 1

parts 1-5

Chronic schizophrenia

symptoms usually appear by late adolescence/early adulthood. As people age, psychotic episodes last longer and recovery periods shorten. Social withdrawal is often found

Acute schizophrenia

when previously adjusted people develop schizophrenia rapidly following particular life stress, and recovery is more likely. More likely to have positive symptoms that respond to drug therapy.

Compulsions

repetitive behaviors that are undertaken to reduce anxiety.

Social anxiety disorder

intense fear and avoidance of social situations. Ex: student experienced palpitations, tremors, blushing, and sweating when giving a presentation, taxing an exam, or meeting an authority figure.

Generalized anxiety disorder

a disorder where a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and aroused, persisting for 6 months or more (in constant fight or flight)

Medical model

the concept that diseases (such as psychological disorders) have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases cured, often through treatment in a hospital

Biopsychosocial approach

emphasizes that the mind and body are inseparable. Ex: Depression does not directly cause liver problems. However, someone with depression is more likely to abuse alcohol and so, therefore, could develop liver damage.

Diathesis stress model

concept that genetic predispositions combine with environmental stressors to influence psychological disorders

Learning perspective

understanding how behaviors are acquired, maintained, or changed through interactions with the environment. Ex: nail biting is habitual behavior and can be reinforced because it brings relief in certain situations, which negatively reinforces it

Psychoanalytic perspective

emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and internal conflicts shaping behavior. According to this perspective, many mental health issues arise from unresolved unconscious conflicts/repressed memories/unmet desires

Major depressive disorder

disorder where a person experiences five or more symptoms (such as depressed mood, changes in appetite/weight, insomnia, fatigue, difficulty focusing) lasting two or more weeks AT LEAST ONE MUST BE depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure. This is the most common form of depression.

Persistent depressive disorder

disorder in which people experience a depressed mood on more days than not for at least 2 years and display two of the following symptoms

-difficulty with decision making

-feeling hopeless

-poor self esteem

-reduced energy

-problems with sleep or appetite

Bipolar 1 disorder

the most severe form, in which people experience a euphoric, highly energetic state that lasts a week or longer. Sometimes they go back and forth experiencing highs or lows

Bipolar 2 disorder

less severe form of bipolar in which people move between depression and a milder hypomania

Social cognitive perspective

explores how people’s assumptions and expectations influence what they perceive. Ex: depressed people expect the worst, magnifying bad experiences and minimizing good ones. Their self defeating beliefs and negative explanatory style feed their depression

Rumination

compulsive fretting; overthinking our problems and their causes

Delusion

false belief (ex: believing you are being threatened or perused)

schizoid personality disorder

social detachment; limited emotional expression

schizotypical personality disorder

intense social discomfort; distorted cognitions or perceptions

antisocial disorder

indifference to others’ rights; impulsiveness, criminal behavior. Exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing and may be aggressive/ruthless

borderline personality disorder

impulsivity, unstable relationships and self image (Examples: spending sprees, unsafe sex, substance abuse, fear of abandonment)

histrionic personality disorder

extreme emotional expression; a need for attention (Examples: dressing provocatively to gain attention or threatening suicide for attention) Crave attention regardless of if its positive or negative

narcissistic personality disorder

admiration seeking behavior, deficient empathy (inflating their own accomplishments while deflating accomplishments of others, taking credit for others work) Crave attention in the form of praise

Avoidant personality disorder

feeling inadequate, sensitivity to criticism

dissociative fuge state

sudden loss of memory or change in identity often in response to an overwhelming stressful situation (ex: Hannah Upp)

dissociative identity disorder

rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating identities (ex: a person may be prim and proper one moment and loud and flirtatious the next)

dissociative amnesia

disorder in which people with intact brains reportedly experience memory gaps (may not remember trauma related events). Less intense version of dissociate fuge