APWH Chapter 37 Multiple Choice Stem Question Study Guide

On 30 January 1948, Mohandas Gandhi was assassinated by ______________.

Hindu extremists.

Both Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru felt that communalism was ________________________.

dangerous, because it emphasized religious over national identity.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah called for the creation of

Pakistan

In 1946, some six thousand people died in the Great Calcutta Killing in a confrontation between ______________.

Hindus and Muslims.

What did Gandhi prophesize would cause the flow of "rivers of blood"?

splitting of Hindus and Muslims

The Bandung Conference ______________.

pushed forward the Nonalignment Movement.

Who on the international stage was one of the leaders that supported the idea that came out of the Bandung Conference?

Nehru?

The leader of North Vietnam was __________________.

Ho Chi Minh.

The Vietnamese Declaration of Independence was modeled on the _____________________.

United States Declaration of Independence.

The disastrous 1954 defeat that forced the French out of Vietnam was at ____________.

Dienbeinphu.

Ngo Dinh Diem was _____________________.

the first president of the Republic South of Vietnam.

In 1965, which U.S. president ordered a bombing campaign against North Vietnam and sent American ground troops to bolster the South Vietnam army?

Lyndon Johnson.

In the Balfour Declaration of 1917, __________________. Then, in 1947, the United Nations proposed that Palestine should

___________________.

British government committed itself to the support of a homeland for Jews in Palestine; divide into two states.

Gamal Abdel Nasser had an internationalist position that was most similar to that of

Nehru.

The Suez Canal crisis of 1956

left Nasser in a dominant position in the Arab world.

The Egyptian leader who nationalized the Suez Canal was __________________.

Gamal Abder Nasser.

The English and French were forced to withdraw from controlling the Suez Canal during the crisis in 1956 because _____________.

the had not consulted with the United States.

"The year of Africa" refers to ______________________.

winning of independence.

After a long and bloody conflict, the Algerians gained their

independence in 1962 from _________________.

France.

In "The Wretched of the Earth", Frantz Fanon _______________________.

urged the use of violence against colonial oppressors.

The revived interest in African traditions, cultures, poets, and writers was known as _________________________.

--

The Mau Mau uprising was an attempt to free Kenya from control by the ______________________.

British.

Who was the nationalist leader in Kenya?

Jomo Kenyatta.

The leader of the first sub-Saharan African nation to gain independence, and the most important nationalist leader in Africa, was __________________.

Kwame Nkrumah.

Who was the leader of the African National Congress?

Nelson Mandela

In 1948, the system of apartheid was put into place by the Afrikaner National Party in _______________.

South Africa.

In 1960, sixty-nine black demonstrators were slaughtered in that country in the ________ massacre.

Sharpeville.

Who backed the disastrous Great Leap Forward?

Mao.

What did Deng Xiaping do?

opened China to foreign capitalist values.

The Indian leader who attempted to control the massive population growth in India by ordering involuntary sterilization was

Indira Ghandi.

In the 1970s, leading Islamic thinkers sought all of the following EXCEPT ____________________.

--

The desire for the reassertion of Islamic values in Muslim politics was at the heart of _________________.

Islamism

The U.S.-backed government of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi in Iran was overthrown in 1979 by ___________________.

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

From 1980 through 1988, Iran was involved in a bloody war _________________________.

with Iraq.

What country has the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) ruled for much of the twentieth century?

Mexico.

Who was Juan Perón?

a nationalist militarist who was nonetheless popular with the poor, who ruled Argentina.

Argentina, in the late 1970s and early 1980s,

was ruled by military dictators.

The U.S.-backed Somoza family ruled what country for more than forty years?

Nicaragua.

The group that was able to take control of Nicaragua in 1976, after its guerilla operations against the ruling government, was known as the ___________________.

--

The situation wherein national boundaries were artificial conveniences that did not correspond to economic or ethnic divisions was most common in

Africa.