fos3042 exam1

The aircell size in eggs

gets bigger as the egg gets older

Air drying is a method used to

dehydrate foods

Although Norovirus is thought to be responsible for 50% of foodborne gastroenteritis in the United States

it is rarely diagnosed because symptoms disappear within 24 hours and are not reported

Among the ones listed below, which type of freezer provide the fastest heat transfer?

Still air room freezer

Based on the Food Groups defined to communicate nutrition information, what food is part of the dairy food group?

cheddar cheese

Butter contains approximately

80%

Carbonated beverages are infused with

carbon dioxide gas

Cellulose is

a polysaccharide.

Cod liver oil comes from what animal?

a fish

The Color Additives Amendment

required the manufacturers to establish the safety of color additives in foods, drugs, cosmetics and certain medical devices.

The concept that involves a scale from 0 to 1 and affects microbial growth is known as

water activity

Contamination of organisms that cause foodborne illness is uncommon in

commercially processed foods

The cooking of red meat before rigor mortis sets in results in

extra tender meat

During what decade was cold preservation commercialized in the United States?

1920s

Effective packaging for food products can be made with

An understanding of man-made solid materials

Fats and oils are otherwise known as

triacylglycerols

Fats are

crystalline in nature

Fermentation and pickling of vegetables are examples of

controlled spoilage

The Food Code sets forth model provisions for keeping food safe in restaurant, cafeteria, and institutional food operations. These model provisions may be adopted by local governments as legal requirements for food service establishments within their jurisdiction. Which agency publishes the Food Code?

FDA

Food companies can legally add water to meat and fish using

phosphates

From which animal source is there an organism that might take 10 years to show symptoms and last for 20 to 30 years after infection?

pork

Frozen pepperoni pizza offered for sale in interstate commerce falls under the jurisdiction of

USDA

Heat applied to make scrambled eggs

denatures proteins

Heat transfer occurs duringPasteurization of milkFreezing of broccoliBaking of breadAll of the above

all of the above

Hexadecanoic fatty acid is also known as

palmitic acid

Homogenization is an example of

size reduction

How are blueberries typically frozen?

fluidized bed freezing

How do microwave ovens heat food?

by heating water molecules through intermolecular friction.

How is bloom strength measured?

Gelatin samples are punctured by a probe. The amount of force required for the probe to penetrate a fixed depth is a measure of bloom strength

How many calories or kcals does a gram of carbohydrate have?

4

Hydrogenating vegetable oils

forms trans- fatty acids

In beer production, roasted barley is also known as

barley malt

In canning, the target heat treatment is considered the _____ reduction of Clostridium botulinum

Z-value

High Temperature,

Short Time Pasteurization 12-D

Ultra High Temperature Pasteurization

12-D

Infant botulism might be obtained by the consumption of

honey

The ingredient list on a food label must include the common name and function of any approved preservative used in the food. What is the function of powdered cellulose as indicated on the ingredient list of the pizza maker we used as an example in the lecture?

to prevent caking

In poultry, dark meat contains

more fat compared to white meat

In poultry processing, feathers are removed with

mechanical "fingers" made of rough, molded rubber like material

In the presence of acid or heat, chlorophyll is degraded to

pheophytin

In thermal processing, it is a good practice to have an F-value of

not 2

In what solvent are lipids soluble?

chloroform

In which of the following countries the consumers spent the lowest percent of their income on food consumed at home in 2013?

USA

Ionizing radiation approved for use on foods are

gamma and xrays

Irradiation is approved for use with

spices, seeds, lettuce, potatoes, meat.

Lactic acid is one of the main products of

bacterial fermentation

The level of pH above which a food is considered to be a low acid food is:

4.6

Lipids designated as oils are most likely _______, at room temperature.

liquid

Mediterranean Diet is known to be

high in monounsaturated fat

The more marbling in red meat is equivalent to

increased tenderness of the cut

Moving food through pipes is an example of

fluid flow

Muscle composition of red meat contains

all essential amino acids

myoglobin is commonly found in

red meat

Nutritional Labeling and Education Act of 1990

All of these statements are correct.

On the food ingredient label

the most predominant ingredient is listed first.

Pectin

helps for jams and jellies

Plasmolysis is...

all of these

The process applied to fruits and vegetables to inactivate natural food enzymes is known as

blanching

The process in beer production that produces carbon dioxide and ethanol is known as

fermentation

The process that skims boiled animal fat in water is known as

rendering

refrigeration

inhibits microbial growth

refrigeration is considered

a mild form of food preservation

Regulations written by FDA are published in _____________, under Title ______.

Code of Federal Regulations, 21

Saturated fatty acids

do not contain double bonds in the carbon chain

Soft drinks are made up mostly of

water

Spray drying

atomizes liquids into small solid particles

starch

is not very sweet

can be modified for differing types of thickness

thickens liquids to form gravies, pastes, and gels

All of the above

all of the above

Three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone is called

triacylglycerol

A typical poultry processing plant will slaughter approximately

1 million birds a week

Understanding the changes in the quality of produce on the way to the grocery store is possible with the knowledge of:

Biology

Under the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, a GRAS substance is not a food additive. True or False?

True

What are adjuncts in beer making?

Cereals like corn and rice added used to cut down cost and add flavor

What does a bomb calorimeter determine in a food sample?

Its caloric content

What does IFT stand for?

Institute of Food Technologists

What drives heat transfer?

temperature gradient

What illustrative educational tool is intended for an easy way for consumers to remember which food groups to eat the most of and which to eat the least of?

MyPlate

What is an acceptable way of standardizing 100% Orange Juice?

Adding essence obtained from orange peels back into orange juice

What is another name for Vitamin B2?

Riboflavin

What is best quality grade given to eggs?

Grade AA

What is malt?

Germinated barley (or other grain) in which starch breaking enzymes are activated.

What is table salt commonly supplemented with?

iodine

What is the average number of items carried in a supermarket today?

More than 30,000

What is the energy cost per food dollar as of 2013?

5.2

What is the most common acid added to food?

citric acid

What is the name for the study of flow and deformation characteristics of (food) materials?

rheology

What is the name of the panel shown on this food label?

information panel

What is the name of the panel shown on this food label? (crackers)

principal display panel

What is the quality defect associated with a hard layer on the outside of foods when undergoing dehydration?

case hardening

What microorganism is considered the most heat resisitant pathogen found in food?

salmonella

What organism was the number one cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States in 2012

salmonella

What organism was the number one cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States in 2012?

salmonella

What vitamin is formed in the body when skin is exposed to sunlight?

Vitamin D

When eggs undergo candling

the egg is passed by a light source to check the position of the yolk and size of aircells

Which agency sets tolerances on pesticide residues in foods?

EPA

Which fatty acid is also called 18:3?

linolenic acid

Which government agency oversees the harvesting of poultry?

US Dept. of Agriculture

Which is a good way to keep guacamole from turning brown?

keeping in a well sealed container

Which is a juice box made of?

paper, aluminum foil and plastic

Which is FALSE regarding coffee production?

Coffee grows best at sea level.

Which is incorrect about enzymes in foods?

they taste sour

Which is not a type of taste testing?

square test

Which is NOT true about tea?

Yeast is added to start fermentation in oolong or black tea processing.