The Ventral Body Cavity (8)

Thoracic Cavity

lungs, heart, and mediastinum

Abdominal Cavity

stomach, liver, intestines, etc.

Pelvic Cavity

bladder, reproductive organs, rectum

Heart is surrounded by

pericardium

Lungs are surrounded by

pleura

Parietal pleura

lines the chest wall (1)

Pleural Cavity

is the space between them, filled with fluid to reduce friction. (2) (space between 1 and 3)

Visceral pleura

covers the lungs

Parietal pericardium

lines the outer sac. (1)

Pericardial Cavity

lies between them, filled with pericardial fluid for cushioning.(2)

Visceral pericardium

(epicardium) covers the heart.

Peritoneum

The peritoneum is a protective membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs, helping reduce friction and support organ function.

Mediastinum

central area of the chest located between the lungs, and contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major blood vessels.

Dorsal Body Cavity

Ventral Body Cavity