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Muscle, Origin, Insertion, Action
Cutaneous maximus
Linea alba
Skin
Moves skin of trunk
Xiphihumeralis
Sternum (xiphoid process)
Humerus
Adducts and rotates forelimb
Pectoralis minor
Sternum
Humerus
Adducts and rotates forelimb
Pectoralis major
Sternum
Humerus
Addicts and rotates forelimb
Pectoantebrachialis
Sternum (manubrium)
Fascia of forearm
Adducts and rotates forelimb
Rectus abdominis
Pubis
Sternum & costal cartilage
Compresses abdomen, flexes trunk
Spinotrapezius
Vertebrae
Scapula
Draws scapula dorsally & caudally
Acromiotrapezius
Vertebrae
Scapula
Draws scapula dorsally & medially
Clavotrapezius
Skull
Clavicle & clavobrachialis
Draws humerus cranially
Clavobrachialis
Clavicle
Ulna
Draws humerus cranially
Latissimus dorsi
Thoracolumbar fascia, vertebrae
Humerus
Elevates and draws humerus caudally
Scalenus
Ribs
Vertebrae
Flexes neck & draws ribs anteriorly
Serratus ventralis
Ribs
Scapula
Draws scapula ventrally & cranially
External intercostals
Rib
Rib
Elevates ribs
Internal intercostals
Rib
Rib
Depresses ribs
Sternomastoid
Sternum
Skull (mastoid process)
Rotates head
Cleidomastoid
Clavicle
Skull (mastoid process)
Rotates head
Rhomboideus
Vertebrae
Scapula
Draws scapula dorsally
Masseter
Zygomatic arch
Mandible
Elevates lower jaw
Temporalis
Skull
Mandible
Elevates lower jaw
Digastric
Skull
Mandible
Depresses lower jaw
Supraspinatus
Scapula (supraspinatus fossa)
Humerus
Extends humerus
Infraspinatus
Scapula (infraspinatus fossa)
Humerus
Rotates humerus
Teres major
Scapula
Humerus
Draws humerus medially
Subscapularis
Scapula (subscapular fossa)
Humerus
Draws humerus medially
Levator scapulae ventralis
Atlas and skull
Scapula
Draws scapula cranially
Acromiodeltoid
Scapula
Humerus
Flexes and rotates humerus
Spinodeltoid
Scapula (spine)
Humerus
Elevates and rotates humerus
Biceps brachii
Scapula
Radius
Flexes forearm
Triceps brachii (long, lateral, medial)
Scapula and humerus
Ulna
Extends forearm
Brachialis
Humerus
Ulna
Flexes forearm
Sartorius
Ilium
Tibia via the patella
Adducts and rotates thigh
Tensor fasciae latae
Ilium
Fascia lata of thigh
Tightens fascia lata, flexes thigh
Rectus femoris
Ilium
Tibia via patella
Extends leg
Vastus lateralis
Femur
Patella
Extends leg
Vastus medialis
Femur
Patella
Extends leg
Vastus intermedius
Femur
Patella
Extends leg
Gracilis
Pubic symphysis
Tibia
Adducts and retracts thigh
Semitendinosus
Ischium
Tibia
Flexes leg
Semimembranosus
Ischium
Femur and tibia
Extends thigh
Adductor femoris
Pubic symphysis
Femur
Adducts and retracts thigh
Adductor longus
Pubic symphysis
Femur
Adducts and retracts thigh
Pectineus
Pubic
Femur
Adducts thigh
Illiopsoas
Vertebrae and ilium
Femur
Flexes and rotates thigh
Biceps femoris
Ischium
Patella and tibia
Flexes leg
Gluteofemoralis
Caudal vertebrae
Patella
Abducts & retracts thigh
Gluteus superficialis
Vertebrae
Fascia lata of thigh/femur
Abducts thigh
Gluteus medius
Vertebrae & ilium
Femur
Abducts thigh
Gastrocnemius
Femur and tibia
Calcaneus
Extends foot
