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sequence
determining the order of the four chemicals building blocks / bases ( AT, CG. ) that make up the DNA molecule.
genetic code
the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
nitrogen base
a nitrogen containing compound that forms a part of a nucleotide; functions as the fundamental unit of the genetic code.
transcription
copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.
translation
process in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates. the protein is a sequence of amino acids, determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA.
nucleotide
a molecule made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base; the monomer of nucleic acid.
phosphate
an inorganic compound consisting of a central phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms
uracil
a pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine and is only found in RNA.
purine
larger nitrogen bases - Adenine and Guanine.
pyrimidine
smaller nitrogen bases - Thymine and Cytosine.