DNA

sequence

determining the order of the four chemicals building blocks / bases ( AT, CG. ) that make up the DNA molecule.

genetic code

the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material into proteins.

nitrogen base

a nitrogen containing compound that forms a part of a nucleotide; functions as the fundamental unit of the genetic code.

transcription

copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.

translation

process in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates. the protein is a sequence of amino acids, determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA.

nucleotide

a molecule made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base; the monomer of nucleic acid.

phosphate

an inorganic compound consisting of a central phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms

uracil

a pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine and is only found in RNA.

purine

larger nitrogen bases - Adenine and Guanine.

pyrimidine

smaller nitrogen bases - Thymine and Cytosine.