Chemistry Regents Review: Organic Chem/Gas Laws & Units 5.1/5.2 (week #9)

All organic compounds contain the element ________.

carbon

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only _______ and ____________.

carbon and hydrogen

Isomers are organic compounds with the same __________ _________ but a different _____________ _________.

molecular formula and structural formula

Avagadro’s Law

any two gases that have the same pressure, temperature, and volume will have the same number of moles as well (molecules too but atoms depends)

Properties of an ideal gas

• no attractive forces

• volume is negligible compared to whole volume

• particles move in a random, constant, straight line motion

• particles may transfer energy (more collisions)

• gas particles are seperated by great distances

Gases behave more ideally at _______ temperature and ________ pressure.

high temp and low pressure

Addition reaction

reaction btwn unsaturated hydrocarbon and another molecule forms a single organic product

Substitution reaction

saturated hydrocarbon and another molecule where a new nonmetal atom is substituded onton the hydrocarbon, forming a new function group

Esterification

organic acid + alcohol →water + ester

Sponification

ester → acid + alcohol

Polymerization

2 or more small chains of carbon to combine forming a larger chain of carbons

• nC2H4 → (C2H4)n

  • (n=LOTS OF C’s)

Fermentation

C6H12O6 →CO2 + alcohol

saturated hydrocarbons

all single bonded carbons

unsaturated hydrocarbons

2 or more bonds of carbon (alkene & alkynes)

To know where a multi bonded C goes look for the side with the….

least amount of carbons on it