Chapter 6 - Anatomy and Physiology (Part 1)

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
GameKnowt Play
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/92

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

93 Terms

1
New cards

thyroid cartilage

What is the wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam's apple?

<p>What is the wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam's apple?</p>
2
New cards

musculoskeletal system

What is the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement?

<p>What is the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement?</p>
3
New cards

skeleton

What are the bones of the body?

<p>What are the bones of the body?</p>
4
New cards

muscles

What are tissues that can contract to allow movement of a body part?

<p>What are tissues that can contract to allow movement of a body part?</p>
5
New cards

ligaments

What are tissues that connect bone to bone?

<p>What are tissues that connect bone to bone?</p>
6
New cards

tendons

What are tissues that connect muscle to bone?

<p>What are tissues that connect muscle to bone?</p>
7
New cards

(1) give the body shape (2) protect vital organs (3) provide body movement

What are the three main functions of the musculosketal system?

8
New cards

marrow

What is found inside a bone?

<p>What is found inside a bone?</p>
9
New cards

produce blood cells and store certain nutrients

What is the purpose of bone marrow?

10
New cards

skull

What is the bony structure of the head?

<p>What is the bony structure of the head?</p>
11
New cards

enclose and protect the brain

What is the main function of the skull?

12
New cards

cranium

What is the top, back, and sides of the skull?

<p>What is the top, back, and sides of the skull?</p>
13
New cards

face

What is the front of the skull?

<p>What is the front of the skull?</p>
14
New cards

mandible

What is the lower jawbone?

<p>What is the lower jawbone?</p>
15
New cards

maxillae

What are the two fused bones forming the upper jaw?

<p>What are the two fused bones forming the upper jaw?</p>
16
New cards

nasal bones

What are the nose bones?

<p>What are the nose bones?</p>
17
New cards

orbits

What are the bony structures around the eyes; the eye sockets?

<p>What are the bony structures around the eyes; the eye sockets?</p>
18
New cards

zygomatic arches

What are the bones that form the structure of the cheeks?

<p>What are the bones that form the structure of the cheeks?</p>
19
New cards

spinal column

What provides structure and support for the body and houses and protects the spinal cord?

<p>What provides structure and support for the body and houses and protects the spinal cord?</p>
20
New cards

vertebrae

What are the 33 bones of the spinal column?

<p>What are the 33 bones of the spinal column?</p>
21
New cards

cervical

What division of the spinal column corresponds to the neck?

<p>What division of the spinal column corresponds to the neck?</p>
22
New cards

thoracic

What division of the spinal column corresponds to the thorax, ribs, and upper back?

<p>What division of the spinal column corresponds to the thorax, ribs, and upper back?</p>
23
New cards

lumbar

What division of the spinal column corresponds to the lower back?

<p>What division of the spinal column corresponds to the lower back?</p>
24
New cards

sacral

What division of the spinal column corresponds to the back wall of the pelvis?

<p>What division of the spinal column corresponds to the back wall of the pelvis?</p>
25
New cards

coccyx

What division of the spinal column corresponds to the tailbone?

<p>What division of the spinal column corresponds to the tailbone?</p>
26
New cards

thorax

What is the chest?

<p>What is the chest?</p>
27
New cards

thoracic cavity

What is the internal space formed by the bones of the thorax?

<p>What is the internal space formed by the bones of the thorax?</p>
28
New cards

heart, lungs, major blood vessels

What is contained in the thoracic cavity?

29
New cards

sternum

What is the breastbone?

<p>What is the breastbone?</p>
30
New cards

12

How many pairs of ribs are there?

31
New cards

10

How many pairs of ribs are attached to the sternum?

32
New cards

2

How many pairs of ribs are "floating" and have no anterior attachment?

33
New cards

manubrium

What is the superior portion of the sternum?

<p>What is the superior portion of the sternum?</p>
34
New cards

xiphoid process

What is the inferior portion of the sternum?

<p>What is the inferior portion of the sternum?</p>
35
New cards

pelvis

What is the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities?

<p>What is the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities?</p>
36
New cards

ilium

What is the superior and widest portion of the pelvis?

<p>What is the superior and widest portion of the pelvis?</p>
37
New cards

ischium

What is the lower, posterior portion of the pelvis?

<p>What is the lower, posterior portion of the pelvis?</p>
38
New cards

pubis

What is the medial anterior portion of the pelvis?

<p>What is the medial anterior portion of the pelvis?</p>
39
New cards

acetabulum

What is the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint?

<p>What is the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint?</p>
40
New cards

femur

What is the large bone of the thigh?

<p>What is the large bone of the thigh?</p>
41
New cards

patella

What is the kneecap?

<p>What is the kneecap?</p>
42
New cards

tibia

What is the medial and larger bone of the lower leg?

<p>What is the medial and larger bone of the lower leg?</p>
43
New cards

fibula

What is the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg?

<p>What is the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg?</p>
44
New cards

malleolus

What is the protrusion on the side of the ankle?

<p>What is the protrusion on the side of the ankle?</p>
45
New cards

tarsals

What are the ankle bones?

<p>What are the ankle bones?</p>
46
New cards

metatarsals

What are the foot bones?

<p>What are the foot bones?</p>
47
New cards

calcaneus

What is the heel bone?

<p>What is the heel bone?</p>
48
New cards

phalanges

What are the toe (and finger) bones?

<p>What are the toe (and finger) bones?</p>
49
New cards

clavicle

What is the collarbone?

<p>What is the collarbone?</p>
50
New cards

scapula

What is the shoulder blade?

<p>What is the shoulder blade?</p>
51
New cards

acromion process

What is the highest portion of the shoulder?

<p>What is the highest portion of the shoulder?</p>
52
New cards

acromioclavicular joint

What is the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet?

<p>What is the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet?</p>
53
New cards

humerus

What is the bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow?

<p>What is the bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow?</p>
54
New cards

radius

What is the lateral bone of the forearm?

<p>What is the lateral bone of the forearm?</p>
55
New cards

ulna

What is the medial bone of the forearm?

<p>What is the medial bone of the forearm?</p>
56
New cards

carpals

What are the wrist bones?

<p>What are the wrist bones?</p>
57
New cards

metacarpals

What are the bones of the hand?

<p>What are the bones of the hand?</p>
58
New cards

joint

What is the point where two bones come together?

<p>What is the point where two bones come together?</p>
59
New cards

ball-and-socket joint

What type of joint rotates in a round socket?

<p>What type of joint rotates in a round socket?</p>
60
New cards

hinge joint

What type of joint bends and straightens?

<p>What type of joint bends and straightens?</p>
61
New cards

voluntary muscle (or skeletal muscle)

What is a muscle that can be consciously controlled?

62
New cards

involuntary muscle (or smooth muscle)

What is a muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled?

63
New cards

cardiac muscle

What is a specialized involuntary musle found only in the heart?

64
New cards

automaticity

What is the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own?

65
New cards

heartbeat (contraction)

What is controlled by the electrical impulses of the heart?

66
New cards

respiratory (or pulmonary) system

What is the system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide?

67
New cards

oxygen (O2)

What is moved into the bloodstream through inhalation?

68
New cards

carbon dioxide (CO2)

What is picked up by the blood and excreted from the body through exhalation?

69
New cards

mouth and nose

Where does air enter the body?

70
New cards

oropharynx

What is the area directly posterior to the mouth?

<p>What is the area directly posterior to the mouth?</p>
71
New cards

nasopharynx

What is the area directly posterior to the nose?

<p>What is the area directly posterior to the nose?</p>
72
New cards

pharynx

What is the area that directly posterior to the mouth and nose, made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx?

<p>What is the area that directly posterior to the mouth and nose, made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx?</p>
73
New cards

epiglottis

What is a leaf-shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea?

<p>What is a leaf-shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea?</p>
74
New cards

glottis

What is the opening to the trachea?

75
New cards

larynx

What is the voice box?

<p>What is the voice box?</p>
76
New cards

cricoid cartilage

What is a ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx?

<p>What is a ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx?</p>
77
New cards

trachea

What is the "windpipe"; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs?

<p>What is the "windpipe"; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs?</p>
78
New cards

lungs

What are the organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place?

<p>What are the organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place?</p>
79
New cards

16 C-shaped rings of cartilage

What are the lungs formed and protected by?

<p>What are the lungs formed and protected by?</p>
80
New cards

bifurcate

What means to 'divide or fork into two channels or branches'?

81
New cards

bronchi

What are the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs; consisting of a right and left _ ?

<p>What are the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs; consisting of a right and left <strong>_</strong> ?</p>
82
New cards

bronchioles

What are the branches of the bronchi?

83
New cards

alveoli

What are the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place?

<p>What are the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place?</p>
84
New cards

diaphragm

What is the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity; a major muscle of respiration?

<p>What is the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity; a major muscle of respiration?</p>
85
New cards

phrenic nerve

What is the diaphragm largely controlled by?

86
New cards

intercostal muscles

What are the rib muscles?

<p>What are the rib muscles?</p>
87
New cards

inhalation

What is an active process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs?

88
New cards

exhalation

What is a passive process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs?

89
New cards

ventilation

What is the process of moving gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood?

90
New cards

respiration

What is the process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and cells?

91
New cards

buffer system

What is a system that helps manage the pH of the body to maintain it at a normal level?

92
New cards

adequate breathing

What is breathing that is sufficient to support life?

93
New cards

inadequate breathing

What is breathing that is insufficient to support life?

Explore top notes

Explore top flashcards