Rome's Expansion and the Fall of Carthage

Carthage

Powerful North African city-state defeated by Rome.

King Philip V

Macedonian king allied with Hannibal against Rome.

Second Punic War

Conflict where Hannibal fought Rome, impacting alliances.

Macedonian phalanxes

Infantry formation defeated by Roman legions in 200 BCE.

Roman legions

Mobile military units that conquered various territories.

Selenic emperor

Ruler who attempted to annex Greek states from Rome.

Indemnity

Payment required from defeated enemies after wars.

War elephants

Large animals used in ancient warfare, eliminated by Rome.

Corinth

Greek city destroyed by Rome as a lesson in 146 BCE.

Anti-Romanism

Sentiment against Roman influence in Greek states.

Carthago delenda est

Phrase meaning 'Carthage must be obliterated'.

Third Punic War

Final conflict leading to Carthage's destruction in 146 BCE.

Province of Africa

Newly created Roman province after Carthage's defeat.

Pergamum

Kingdom bequeathed to Rome, creating province of Asia.

Roman provinces

Territorial divisions established for governance and control.

Mediterranean supremacy

Rome's dominance over three continents: Europe, Africa, Asia.

Oligarchic factions

Political groups supported by Rome in Greek states.

Governor of Macedonia

Roman official overseeing Greek states after conquest.

Roman expansionists

Aggressive Romans demanding further territorial conquests.

Siege of Carthage

Three-year blockade leading to the city's destruction.