Romantic, Transcendentalism, Transitional Poetry English III H

What is Romanticism?

A cultural movement that affected art, literature, music, etc.

What did the movement of Romanticism emphasize within art?

It emphasized, the soul, passion, and intense heightened emotions (horror, compassion, melancholy, misery etc.)

Romantic artists believed that to really experience something, they must feel it

What did Romantic writers aim to get out of their readers?

emotions, sentiments, nostalgia/yearning

What is the goal of Romantic litterature?

Transcendence

What does Romanticism explore

Human psyche, supernatural/ the spiritual

What are the poets who perffered to write in conventional form instead of free verse or other forms?

Fireside Poets

Some examples of Fireside poets are...

Longfellow, Holmes, Lowell, Whitter

Who is the first great American inventor of poetry?

Walt Whitman

What are some features Walt Whitman's writing style?

free verse (parallelism, repetition, and cataloguing)

Persistent irregularity of stanza length

Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson are two examples of what kind of poets?

Transitional (unique poets)

Sometimes has a little romanticism but not their main focus

What are Emily Dickinsons poems focused on?

Nature, religion, law, music, market (Domestic life)

What are some key characteristics of Emily Dicksonsons poems?

Witty

lyrical

titles are usually the first line of the poem

Her punctuation is dashes and capitalized interior words not always at the beginning of a line (no reason is known why)

What two poets are credited with forming American Poets voices?

Dickinson and Whitman

What did the political movement, Transcendentalism, reject?

18th century conventional thought

What was Transcendentalism centered on finding?

original relation with the universe or true self

What did transcendentalists believe?

Individuals are inherently good but society corrupted them

Striving for intendance and self reliance

Transcendentalism searched for...

spirituality that transcended rationality and materialism and true self in nature

Transcendentalists believed that humans were a part of...

Nature and it would help you find your way

Transcendentalists were activists for?

Abolishing slaver and fugitive slave law

The activism in transcendentalists influenced what movements?

Women's suffrage and labor movement

Extended Metaphore

A metaphor that is continued throughout a piece of art

Quatrain

A four line stanza

Polysyndeton

Deliberate use of many conjunctions

Tone

Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character

What is "Psalm of Life" by Henry Longfellow about?

Carpe Diem/ cease the day

What was the overall tone of "Psalm of Life" (Longfellow)?

Excited and passionate

What was the message of "Praise" by Angelo Geter?

Be grateful even in dark times

What was "The First Snowfall" by Russell Lowell about?

A father looking out and seeing the snow, remembering his daughter who passed. But accepting it and trusting God to heal.

In "The First Snow Fall" (Lowell) what was the major tone shift?

after stanza 5 it went from a whimsical to sorrowful

What was the theme of "Chambered Nautilus" by Oliver Holmes?

Leave the past behind and you will be set free and become new

In the "Chambered Nautilus" (Holmes) what was the extended metaphor?

The Nautilus compared to how we need to live life

Paradox

A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.

What is the paradox found in "Much Madness is Divinest Sense" by Emily Dickinson?

Madness is the same thing as sense (in reality sense and madness are two different things)

What is the paradox in "Success is counted Sweetest" by Emily Dickson son?

People have do not have success know more about it than the people who do have success (this is also the theme)

Metonymy

A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it

What is the Extended Metaphor in "O Captain! My Captain" by Walt Whitman

America ending the Civil War and abolishing slavery but then Abraham Lincoln was shot and killed

What are the two tones found in "O Captain! My Captain!" (Whitman)?

celebratory and then sorrowful

Instead of " A Noiseless Patient Spider" (Whitman) being transitional it was more of which movement?

Transcendentalism

How did the Narrator in "A Noiseless Patient Spider" describe himself?

having no purpose, feels empty

What is the message in "A Noiseless Patient Spider"?

Keep trying things out and eventually something will stick for you

Parallelism

similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses

What is the message in "I Hear America Singing"?

America is a melting pot and without each other we wouldn't be able to function

In "O Me! O Life!" what is the tone in the beginning and what does it shift to?

Doubtful and then Positive

What was the message of "O Me! O Life!"?

That in life you will always do something great

End stop

Punctuation at the end of a line in a poem

Enjambment

No lines in a poem has puncuation

Caesura

Punctuation in the middle of lines in poems

Apostrophe

Addressing someone who isn't there

What was the moral lesson of "The Devil and Tom Walker"

Greed has large consequences that comes with it

What did Tom Walker become out of the wishes of the Devil?

A usurer

What did Ton Walker carry around so he won't go to hell

A Bible

What happened to Tom Walker

The Devil took him to hell and the forest they road into, went up in flames

In "The Masque of Red Death" what happened to the people with the illness

They would get red patches on their skin and start seizing, they would have half an hour to live

Instead of helping his kingdom, what was Prince Prospero doing?

Throwing large parties for the upper class, isolating themselves from the Red Death

What was the significance of the rooms in "The Masque of Read Death" going from East to West

Sun rises in the east and sets in the west, its a cycle like life and death

What was the significance of there being 7 rooms in "The Masque of Red Death"

it could be interpreted as the 7 deadly sins or the 7 days of creation with the last being the end

What happens at the end of "The Masque of Read Death"

There is no person behind the mask, just a void, and it kills all of the noble people at the party

What is the main message of "I heard a Buzz When I Died"?

Everything comes to an end

What was the tone of "Praise" by Angelo Geter

Hopeful and glorious

What was the tone of the "Chambered Nautilus"?

celebratory and encouraging

What is the tone of "Success is counted sweetest"?

Victorious (successful feeling)

What is the tone of "I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died"?

Somber, mournful

What is the fly in "I Head a Fly Buzz When I Died" a metaphor for?

Death

What are the two tones in "A Noiseless Patient Spider"?

Emptiness and accomplished

What is the tone is "I Hear America Singing"?

optimistic

What are the tw tones of "O Me! O Life!"

Doubtful and hopeful

Who was the famous Transcendentalist that was known for writing "Walden"

David Thoreau

What was the story behind "Walden"?

David Thoreau built himself a cabin near Walden Pond and lived in it for a long time so he could "find his true self" and wrote about it

What other famous writing did David Thoreau write?

"Civil Disobedience"

What was the background behind "Civil Disobedience"?

Thoreau protested The Mexican war by not paying his taxes which got him in jail, after that he wrote "Civil Disobedience"

What does Thoreau believe about the government in "Civil Disobedience"?

The government should be there but it shouldn't govern, it just needs to make things happen and its not

What metaphor does Thoreau use to compare to the government?

A wooden gun, it can't actually do anything if stood up to

What is the overall message in "Civil Disobedience"?

The Government should be more hands off, and the people are better than the government and should be standing up to it

Who wrote "Self-Reliance"?

Ralph Waldo Emerson

What does Emerson believe Imitation does to a person in "Self-Reliance"?

Kills their true self

What does Emerson say about Self-reliance?

It is the opposite of conforming

What is Emerson's beliefs on Consistency?

He believes it will lead to conformity

What is the over all message of "Self-Reliance"?

Self reliance is the best way to stay out of conformity, conformity is negative and teaches us how to be like the rest of society