Biology II - Bones: Bone Basics

Biology II

what are the 7 functions of bones

support, protection, anchorage, mineral storage, blood cell formation, fat storage, hormone production

how do bones support

bones provide a framework that supports the body

how do bones protect

skull: brain

vertebrae: spinal cord

ribcage: heart/lungs

how do bones anchorage

skeletal muscles attach to bones by tendons, using bones as levers to move the body

how do bones play a part in mineral storage

bones are reservoirs for calcium and phosphate

bones release these minerals into the bloodstream as needed

how do bones play a part in blood cell formation

hematopresis (blood cell production) occurs in the red marrow

how do bones play a part in fat storage

fat is stored in the yellow marrow inside long bones

how do bones play a part in hormone production

bones produce osteocalcin, a hormone that helps with many body process

irregular bone

vertebrae

long bones

femur and finger bones

flat bones

sternum and ribs

short bones

wrists and ankle bones

sesamoid bones

forms within a tendon

patellae (knee)

what two things are the skeleton made of

bones and cartilage

are bones living or nonliving

living

how many bones are in the adult human skeleton

206

what type of tissue is bones

connective

what is the axial skeleton

bones on or near the midline

skull, vertebral, column, ribcage, tailbone

what is the appendicular skeleton

bones away from the midline

limbs and bones that attach limbs to the trunk

parts of arms and legs, shoulder bones, hip bones