Advanced Operant Conditioning Procedures

Incentive motivation

derived from property of reinforcer v internal drive state (getting paid, getting a grade, playing a video game for fun)

contrived / artificial reinforcers

deliberately arranged to modify a behavior.

Response deprivation hypothesis

behavior can serve as reinforcer when access to the behavior is restricted and frequency falls below preferred level of occurrence.

Reward

given for performing the activity and not for how well its performed.

Natural reinforcers

typically provided for a certain behavior, expected consequence of the behavior within that setting.

shaping

gradual creation of new behavior through reinforcement of successive approximations.

Behavioral bliss approach

organism w free access to multiple activities will distribute its behavior to maximize overall reinforcement.

drive reduction theory

event is reinforcing to the extent that it is associated with reduction in physiological drive

incentive motivation

derived from property of reinforcer v internal drive state (getting paid, getting a grade, playing a video game for fun)

response deprivation hypothesis

behavior can serve as reinforcer when access to the behavior is restricted and frequency falls below preferred level of occurrence

behavioral bliss approach

organism w free access to multiple activities will distribute its behavior to maximize overall reinforcement

shaping

gradual creation of new behavior through reinforcement of successive approximations

positive reinforcement

further distinctions

generalized / generalized second reinforcer ➝ reinforcing bc associated with several other reinforcers (ex

money)

intrinsic reinforcement

provided by mere act of performing behavior

extrinsic reinforcement

provided by some external consequence

natural reinforcers

typically provided for a certain behavior, expected consequence of the behavior within that setting

ex

money for working

contrived / artificial reinforcers

deliberately arranged to modify a behavior

drive reduction theory

event is reinforcing to the extent that it is associated with reduction in physiological drive

premark principle

high-probability behavior can be used to reinforce low-prob behavior

primary / unconditioned reinforcer

innately reinforcing (food, water)

secondary / conditioned reinforcer

reinforcing event because associated with other reinforcer (nice clothes, good grades)

generalized / generalized second reinforcer

reinforcing bc associated with several other reinforcers (ex: money)

intrinsic reinforcement

provided by mere act of performing behavior

extrinsic reinforcement

provided by some external consequence

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