history unit 7

who won the election of 1860 and what came with it

lincoln won without any electoral votes from south, inaugural address stated there would be no conflict unless south provoked,

battle of fort sumter

The first battle of the Civil War, occurring in April 1861, when Confederate forces fired upon the Union-held Fort Sumter in South Carolina, leading to its surrender.

1st battle of bull run

first major land battle, ended the illusion of a quick war, boosted confederate morale, encouraged northerners to join fight and Lincoln called for 500,000 men, made the reputation of stonewall jackson

battle of Shiloh

confederate forces surprise attacked union at church Shiloh in TN, Grant reogranized his troops and caused confederates to retreat, taught both sides they had to send out scouts, dig trenches and fortifications, demonstarted how bloody war would be, made union forces think they could cut confederate forces into two

2nd battle of bull run

made confederate robert lees reputation, crippled union morale, led to first confederate invasion of the union

antietam battle

a union corporal found copy of Lee’s war plan and revealed that Lee and stonewall jacksons armies were seperate at the time, deadliest day in american history, ended lee’s invasion of the north, no foreign countries stepped in to help confederacy, Lincoln signed emancipation proclamation, Lincoln fired mcClellan after

battle of Fredericksburg

a significant Confederate victory with Union troops suffering heavy losses after multiple assaults, boosted southern morale, caused issues in lincolns cabinet, set up chancellorsville for confederacy

battle of vicksburg

union victory that split confederacy by taking control of mississippi river, turned the tide of the war for the union, led to grant taking control of all union forcesand significantly weakened Confederate supply lines.

battle of chancellorsville

a major confederate victory, led by general lee, stonewall jackson died, led to Lee’s invasion of PA(gettysburg)

battle of Gettysburg

turning point for union, ended lees invasion of north, largest battle fought in north america, led to gettysburg address

battle of fort wagner

proved black soldiers were just as good as other soldiers which led to more recruitment of black soldiers, 54th mass regiment, union forces plotted to capture confederate fort but didn’t

shermans march

military march from savannah to atl, attempts to cut south in half, total war was used, caused sgnificant damage to south, boosted union morale, freed enslaved people as he went

appomattox courthouse

the site where Lee surrendered to grant effectively ending the Civil War. This agreement marked a significant turning point, as it led to the preservation of the Union

who were the important figures for the union

President Abraham Lincoln, General Ulysses S. Grant, and General William Tecumseh Sherman. McClellan was also an important general but was fired by lincoln after antietam

who were the important figures for the confederacy

President Jefferson Davis, General Robert E. Lee, and General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson

what were ironclads

new ships that could splinter wooden ships, withstand cannon fire and resist burning, led to end of wooden fighting ship era

what were two new important weapons used

rifles and minie balls

how many militiamen did lincoln ask for on april 15th and how many confederate states were there now

75,000 and 11 confederate states

what became the capital of the confederacy

Richmond VA

what would happen if the border states joined the south

it would double south manufacturing, increase supply of horses and mules, give south access to ohio river

what were advantages of south

1. defensive fighting

2. do not have to win the war since they didn’t need to conquer any land but just had to not collapse

3. lots of moral

4. talented military officers

5. taught to fight at an early age

6. knowledge of the land

advantages of the north

1. in control of the sea

2. sprawling factories

3. more railroads for transportation

4. lots of wealth

5. large reserve of men

6. stable goverrnment

7. booming manufacturing for war supplies

what were the goals and strategies of north

goal=restore union and take control of richmond VA, gain control of MS river, naval blockade to weaken southern economy

what were the goals and strategies of south

goal=continue as confederacy, seize washington DC, defend territory, distrupt northern communication, foreign alliances for support

after lincolns call for men, which state seceded from the union

VA which was heavily populated and was a major loss for the union

what were the three parts to the unions anaconda plan

1. naval blockade the south

2. , divide the Confederacy by taking the Mississippi River

3. capture the capital of Richmond.

where was the first major bloodshed of civil war (victory for south)

bull run and lincoln called for an additional million men to enlist to serve for 3 years instead of 3 months

what major city was captured by union general David Farragut

new orleans