Introduction to Cells Bio HL

Metabolism

Living things undertake essential chemical reactions

Reproduction

Living things produce offspring, either sexually or asexually

Sensitivity

Organisms respond to environmental stimuli in order to maintain homeostasis.

Homeostasis

The process by which living things maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Excretion

Living things exhibit the removal of metabolic waste products and excess substances from their bodies

Nutrition

Living things exchange materials and gases with the environment

Growth / Movement

Living things can move and change shape or size over time

What are the 3 piller of cell theory

1. All organism have 1 or more cells

2. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of an organism

3. All cells come from pre existing cells

What are the four basic structures common to all cells

• Plasma Membrane – All cells must have an outer border to maintain an internal chemistry that is different to the exterior (homeostasis)

• Genetic Material – All cells must contain (DNA) that function to control internal activities within a cell (metabolism)

• Ribosomes – All cells must contain ribosomes in order to translate the cell’s coded instructions into functional elements (proteins)

• Cytosol – All cells must contain an internal fluid that functions as a reaction medium for all necessary metabolic processes

What do red blood cells lack compare to other organelles

They lack nucleus and mitochondria which allows them to carry more hemoglobin