PLTW Principles of Biomedical Science - Exam Review Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing PLTW Principles of Biomedical Science lecture notes.

Toxicology importance to biomedical professionals

The harmfulness of drug use and how when different chemicals enter the body, it does damage.

Toxicology role in disease reduction

Important to biomedical professionals in order to make vital information which can be used by decision makers in reducing the occurrence of a disease.

Toxicology importance to biomedical professionals

The harmfulness of drug use and how when different chemicals enter the body, it does damage.

Toxicology role in disease reduction

Important to biomedical professionals in order to make vital information which can be used by decision makers in reducing the occurrence of a disease.

Toxicology benefits for treatment decisions

Enabling them to understand the adverse effects of drugs and chemicals on the body, which is essential for informed treatment decisions, medication dosage adjustments, and preventing adverse outcomes

Forensic chemists

Use presumptive tests and confirmatory tests to test non biological samples, such as powders, pills, and other substances, to determine their identity, components, or concentration.

Forensic toxicologist

Identifies any substances that may have played in an illness or death. During an autopsy, the medical examiner collects samples of tissues and bodily fluids from the decedent and tests them.

Forensic Chemist role at crime scene

Analyze various materials at crime scenes to identify and characterize substances.

Forensic Toxicologist role with biological samples

Focus on analyzing biological samples to detect drugs, poisons, and other toxins.

Key skills for Forensic Chemists and Toxicologists

Analytical thinking, attention to detail, and strong communication.

Brain damage impact on senses

An individual may lose their sight or their hearing if they have damage to the parts of the brain that interpret the signals from the eyes or ears.

Occipital Lobe

Eyes / Vision

Temporal Lobe / Auditory Cortex

Ears / Hearing

Importance of accurate medical history

Health history, including diagnoses, treatments, medications, and test results. This information helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about the patient's care and treatment.

Clinical empathy

The ability to understand and connect with a patient's experiences, including their emotions, perspectives, and meanings, while maintaining a professional distance and withholding one's own emotional reactions.

Body temperature

Measured in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius.

Pulse rate

The number of times the heart beats per minute.

Respiratory rate

The number of breaths taken per minute.

Blood pressure

The force of blood against the walls of the arteries, expressed as two numbers (systolic and diastolic).

Systolic blood pressure

Force of blood when pumped out.

Diastolic blood pressure

In between the heart gets filled.

Factors affecting vital signs

The patient's age, gender, activity level, medications, health status, time of day, and emotional state.

Patient visit rates by age

Infants and adults aged 65 and over generally experiencing higher visit rates than children and younger adults.

Erythrocyte / Red blood cell function

Oxygen from lung to cell, carry oxygen cells and take carbon from them.

Leukocyte / White Blood Cell

Fight infection by pathogen to stop disease, protect and fight infection.

Plasma function

Carries blood cell and platelets around body, antibodies, transport for nutrient and blood components.

Thrombocyte / Platelet function

Blood clot, helps clot stop bleeding.

Low RBC (Red Blood Cell) indicates

Anemia, nutritional deficiency, blood loss.

High RBC (Red Blood Cell) indicates

Polycythemia.

Low WBC (White Blood Cell) indicates

Leukopenia, bone marrow or medication (Chemo).

High WBC (White Blood Cell) indicates

Leukocytosis, Infections, allergy.

Low Platelet indicates

Thrombocytopenia, blood thinner, infection.

High Platelet indicates

Bone marrow disorder, infections, inflammation.

Phlebotomist precautions

Using personal protective equipment (PPE), proper needle disposal, and frequent hand washing.

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Gloves, gowns, face shields, masks, goggles.

Needle safety for phlebotomists

Needle Stick injury (when u poke yourself and get infected), needle disposer, DO NOT RECAP NEEDLES WITH BOTH HANDS, disposal of needles and lancets.