nucleic acids notes

What elements make up Nucleic acids?

CHONP (CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, AND PHOSPHORUS)

What base do all Nucleic acids have?

N-base

What is an N-base?

A nitrogenous (nitrogen containing) base, has H-bonds and the nitrogen which are electron negative.

What are the 2 types of N-bases?

Purines and Pyrimidines. They form the building blocks or nucleotides which make up RNA and DNA

What are the types of Pyrimindines?

Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil.

What nucleotides have 2 H-bonds?

A, T and U

What Nucleotides have 3 H-bonds?

Cytosine and Guamine.

what are the types of Purines?

Adenine and Gyamine

What are the monomers or Nucleic acids?

Nucleotides, negatively charged.

What are the polymers of Nucleic acids called?

Nucleic acid, EX RNA OR DNA

What is DNA?

deoxyribonucleic acid.

What are the characteristics of DNA?

It’s double stranded. DOES NOT LEAVE THE NUCLEUS. and instructions to make proteins.

What is DNAS structure?

Anti-parallel.

What are Phosphodiester Linkages.

Special covalent bonds for Nucleic acids.

ATP energy:

ATP is used as energy currency, Energy is stored in the bond between 2nd and 3rd phosphate.

What is RNA?

ribonucleic acids

What are the characteristics of RNA?

It’s single stranded, A→ U, G→ C. It moves IN AND OUT of the nucleus. It a,kes proteins and energy currency ATP.

What are Nucleic acids?

Basically energy currency, nucleus also information barring.

What is Chargoffs Rule?

Purines → pyrimidines.

What are the functions of a Nucleic acid?

Stores hereditary information(information for making a protein), the production of proteins (ribosomes) and energy transfer (ATP)

Chargaffs rule percentages:

A→T (A=T% and A+T+C+G = 100)

Same for G→C

If A% = 20% and G%=30% then?

T=20 and c=30

How many rings do Purines have?

2 rings

How many rings do Pyrimindines have?

1 ring

Phosphate group chemical compound

PC4^2