PED - Ethics: Justice

what is justice, differnet types , examples of justice linked to pharmacy profession

What is justice ?

• essentially people getting what they deserve

in healthcare :

Fair, equitable and appropriate treatment in light of what is due or owed persons”

What are the types of justice ?

Distributive justice – the fair and equitable allocation of any type of
resources. These can include material, economic and opportunity

Procedural justice – use of fair and appropriate procedures and
processes that are applied consistently across populations

Retributive justice – the use of fair and appropriate punishment and
accountability for individuals

Restorative justice – concern about fairly and appropriately correcting
injustice and previous harms.- less related to healthcare

What is utilitarianism in distributive justice ?

A theory that prioritizes outcomes that produce the greatest overall benefit or happiness for the greatest number.

What is egalitarianism theory in distributive justice ?

The idea that everyone should have basic entitlements such as education, welfare, and healthcare.

What is libertarianism in distributive justice ?

A theory emphasizing minimal state intervention, strong property rights, and personal freedom.

What is justice as fairness ( john rawls ) ?

justice should be designed from a “veil of ignorance,” and any inequalities must benefit the most disadvantaged.

What is the capabilities approach to justice in distributive justice ?

Justice should ensure people have the freedoms and abilities needed to reach their potential, meeting a minimum baseline for wellbeing.

What is marxist view of distributive justice ?

Focuses on equality, opposing class and power imbalances; “from each according to their ability, to each according to their need.

What is rawls thought experiment ?

how would you decide what society should be ?

What are some examples of justice in pharmacy and healthcare ?

• fitness to practice racial bias - anonymise cases

• medicines access- palliative care meds

• inequality - linked to social determinants

• skin tone education - for clinical presentations ( how rashes look)

• access to pharmacy services

• prostate cancer screening - false negatives , unfair to men of key groups

• prescription charges -

• clinical guidance