Animals - Energy Systems

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to energy systems, specifically focusing on ATP, anaerobic metabolism, and the processes involved in energy production.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The common energy molecule used to power muscle fibers and various cellular processes.

ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)

The molecule formed when ATP loses a phosphate group, releasing energy.

Anaerobic Systems

Energy systems that do not require oxygen to resynthesize ATP.

ATP-PC Pathway

An anaerobic alactic energy pathway that provides energy for short bursts of activity lasting up to 15 seconds.

Glycolysis

The process of breaking down glucose or glycogen to produce ATP, creating lactic acid as a byproduct.

Lactic Acid

A byproduct of anaerobic metabolism that can inhibit muscle contraction during intense exercise.

Anaerobic Threshold (AT)

The point at which lactic acid begins to accumulate in the bloodstream, affecting performance.

Creatine Phosphate (CP)

A stored energy source in muscles that aids in the rapid resynthesis of ATP.

Phosphagen System

The energy system primarily utilized during the first 10-15 seconds of high-intensity exercise.

Lactate

A product of anaerobic respiration that can serve as a fuel and is involved in energy production.

Aerobic System

Energy systems that require oxygen for ATP resynthesis, including cellular respiration.

Effects of Training the ATP-PC System

Increases in creatine phosphate and ATP stores, enhancing muscle performance in explosive activities.

Hydrogen ions (H+)

Ions released during lactate formation that contribute to muscle acidity and fatigue.

Lactate Utilization

The process by which lactate can be converted back into glucose or used as fuel in the body.