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analogy
a point-by-point comparison between two things that are alike in some respect
antagonist
usually the principal character in opposition to the protagonist, or main character, of a narrative or drama
character
are the people who take part in the action of a story, novel, or drama
characterization
refers to the methods that a writer uses to develop characters
conflict
the plot of a story always involves some sort of conflict or struggle between opposing forces
connotation
refers to the attitudes and feelings associated with a word
denotation
literal or dictionary meaning of a word
dialect
a form of language as it is spoken in a particular geographic area or by a particular social or ethnic group
dialogue
written conversation between two or more characters in either fiction or nonfiction
figurative language
language that communicates ideas beyond the ordinary, literal meanings of words
flashback
a conversation, an episode, or an event that happened before the beginning of a story
foreshadowing
a writers use of hints or clues to indicate events and situation that will occur later in a plot
hyperbole
a figure of speech in which the truth is exaggerated for emphasis or for humorous effect
imagery
consists of descriptive words and phrases that recreate sensory experiences for the reader
irony
special kind of contrast between appearance and reality-usually one in which reality is the opposite from what it seems
situational irony
the contrast between what a reader or character expects and what actually exists or happens
dramatic irony
the reader or viewer knows something that a character does not know
verbal irony
occurs when someone knowingly exaggerates or says one thing and mean another
metaphor
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are basically unlike but that have something in common. DOES NOT USE LIKE OR AS
mood
the feeling or atmosphere that the writer creates for the reader
narrator
the character or voice from whose point of view events are told
paradox
a statement that seems to contradict itself but is, nevertheless, true
personification
figure of speech in which human qualities are attributed to an object, animal, or idea
plot
the sequence of events in a story
point of view
refers to the methods of narrating a short story, novel, narrative poem, or work of nonfiction
first person POV
narrator is a character in the story
third-person limited POV
the narrator tells only what one character thinks, feels, and observes
third-person omniscient POV
the narrator sees into the minds of more than one character
protagonist
central character or hero in a narrative or drama, usually the one with whom the audience tends to identify
setting
the time and place of action in a story
stereotype
simplified or stock characters who conform to a fixed pattern or are defined by a single trait
symbol
a person, place, activity, or object that stands for something beyond itself
symbolism
the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities
theme
the main idea in a work of literature
tone
the attitude a writer takes toward a subject; reflects the feelings of the writer
understatement
a technique of creating emphasis by saying less than is actually or literally true;opposite of a hyperbole