Italian Renaissance Architecture

Classical Inspiration

Renaissance designs were based on rediscovered Greek & Roman architecture, especially the writings of Vitruvius (proportion + human body as model).

Humanism in Architecture

Focus shifted from defense and symbolism → comfort, beauty, and ideal human proportions.

Palazzo (Urban Palace)

Luxurious residences of wealthy families; emphasized symmetry and interior courtyards

Villa (Suburban Residence)

Country estates designed for leisure; showcased classical beauty in nature.

Symmetry & Proportion

Buildings designed with balanced façades and modular planning (e.g., aisle width as a module).

Church Plans

Commonly Latin cross plan; emphasized geometric harmony.

Planar Classicism

Classical motifs applied as a surface treatment; walls remain flat and orderly.

Façade Design

📌 Symmetrical, vertically centered; features:

• Pilasters

• Arches

• Pediments

• Cornices
  Rounded or pointed forms limited; pedimented entries stand out.

Semi-Circular Arches

Rounded or segmental arches used in doors and windows, often with decorative keystones.

Domes

Major roof feature symbolizing classical grandeur; sometimes only visible from inside.

Florentine Arch

Arch with semicircular intrados but non-concentric extrados; keystone highlighted.

Rustication

Rough-textured masonry, especially on basements and corners (quoins) to show strength.

Bifora Windows

Paired windows under a single arch; typical in palazzos.

Aedicula / Window Pediments

Triangular or segmental pediment frames over windows/doors to create classical emphasis.

Interior Decoration

Flat or coffered ceilings; walls in plaster with frescoes in formal spaces.