Properties of Matter - Chemistry

Chemistry

Study of composition, structure, and properties of matter. Specifically, the processes that matter undergoes and energy changes along with it.

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space in the universe

Mass

Measure of the amount of matter in an object

Volume

Amount of space something occupies

Extrinsic (Extensive) property

Matter properties that depend on the amount of matter present (i.e mass, volume, length, weight)

Intrinsic (Intensive) property

Matter properties that do NOT depend on the amount of matter present (i.e temperature, density, melting point, luster).

Atoms

Single neutral particle (i.e O, N, Fe)

Elements

Same atoms, only bounded to themselves (i.e O2, N2, P4)

Molecules

Covalently (share electrons) same or different atoms (neutral charge), can be elements or compounds. (i.e O2, H2O, CO2, N2)

Compounds

Ionic (giving electrons) or covalently bonded atoms (different only), charge doesn't matter. (i.e CO2, SO2, Na+Cl-)

Mixture

Blend of two or more kinds of matter, retaining their own properties & identities. Made of atoms, elements, or molecules, and can be given percentages

Homogeneous mixture

Type of mixture that's uniform in composition (solutions), same throughout, "well-mixed"

Heterogeneous mixture

Type of mixture that's NOT uniform in composition, different throughout, "NOT well-mixed"

Pure substance

Substance made of only one kind of element OR compound, not a mixture, all the same (i.e Gold, sugar cubes)