NVSC 303 exam 1

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32 Terms

1

Define War

A violent clash of interests between or
among organized groups characterized by
the use of military force.

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2

Define Maneuver Warfare

A warfighting philosophy that seeks to shatter the
enemy's cohesion through a variety of
rapid, focused, and unexpected actions
which create a turbulent and rapidly
deteriorating situation with which
the enemy cannot cope.

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3

Levels of War

Strategic, Operational, Tactical

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4

Strategic

- Establishing goals
- Assigning forces
- Imposing conditions
- Focus: Policy objectives, winning wars
- National Strategy

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5

Operational

“Use of tactical results to obtain strategic
objectives”
- Broader time and space than tactical
- When, where, conditions
• Engage or refuse
- Winning campaigns
- Means: tactical
- Ends: strategic

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6

Tactical

- “Application of combat power to defeat EN
force at particular time and place”
- Schemes and missions
- Winning engagements and battles
- Technical
• Combat Service Support
- Tactics and techniques
• Difference?


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7

Concepts within warfare

Combat Power, Speed, Focus..

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8

Combat Power

• “Total destructive force we can bring to
bear on our EN at a given time”
• Traditional
- Superior numbers
- Tanks, artillery, air assets
• Intangibles
- Morale, leadership, etc

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9

Speed

“rapidity of action”
• Time and space
• Tempo = speed over time
• Speed is relative
• Source of combat power
- Speed is a weapon
- Seize initiative
- Provides security
- Necessary to concentrate superior strength
- Prereq. for maneuver and surprise
- Rhythm

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10

Focus


“Generation of superior combat power at

particular place and time”
• Economy and acceptance of risk elsewhere
• Effects at decisive place and time
• Combo w/ speed = punch and shock effect

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11

Surprise


EN focused

• Degrades EN ability to resist
- State of disorientation from unexpected event
- Unable to react effectively
• Genesis of maneuver
• Difficult to achieve and easy to lose
• Temporary, must exploit quickly
• Means
- Deception, ambiguity, stealth

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12

Boldness

“unhesitatingly exploiting the natural
uncertainty of war to pursue major
results”
• Creative force
• Not always aggressive
• Based on strong Situational Awareness
- Must be tempered with judgement
- Accepting risks
• Maximizes effects of surprise

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13

Centers of Gravity

Which factors are critical to the enemy?
• Which can the enemy not do without?
• Which, if eliminated, will bend him most
quickly to our will?
• Important sources of strength
• Usually capable of accomplishing the
mission
• Protect FR CG, destroy EN CG

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14

Critical Vulnerabilities


“A vulnerability that, if exploited, will do

the most significant damage to the
enemy's ability to resist us”
• CV is pathway to disable CG
- Attack strength indirectly
• Purpose: greatest effect of FR action
• Built into USMC Operations Orders

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15

Creating and Exploiting Opportunity

• Always looking for a weakness to exploit
• The more we create
- the more we can exploit
• Generates decisive results
• Function of
- Speed
- Flexibility
- Boldness
- Initiative

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16

Characteristics of War

Fluidity, Complexion, Human Connection

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17

Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF)

A balanced, air-ground combined arms task organization of Marine Corps forces under a single commander, structured to accomplish a specific mission.

<p><span style="color: rgb(255, 251, 251)">A balanced, air-ground combined arms task organization of Marine Corps forces under a single commander, structured to accomplish a specific mission.</span></p>
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18

Command Element (CE)

• Headquarters integrates the ACE, GCE, and LCE
together to accomplish a mission
• Command and Control (C2) functions

<p><span style="color: #ffffff">• Headquarters integrates the ACE, GCE, and LCE</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">together to accomplish a mission</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Command and Control (C2) functions</span></p>
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19

Ground Combat Power (GCE)

Ground combat power
• May include:
• Infantry
• Artillery
• Tanks
• Amphibious Assault Vehicles (AAV)
• Light Armored Recon (LAR)
• Combat Engineers
• Reconnaissance

<p><span style="color: #ffffff">Ground combat power</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• May include:</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Infantry</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Artillery</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Tanks</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Amphibious Assault Vehicles (AAV)</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Light Armored Recon (LAR)</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Combat Engineers</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Reconnaissance</span></p>
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20

Air Combat Element (ACE)

• Air and lift capabilities
• May include:
• Fixed & rotary wing
• Attack
• Assault
• Marine air control
• Air Traffic Control (ATC)
• Air defense
• Aviation logistics and support

<p><span style="color: #ffffff">• Air and lift capabilities</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• May include:</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Fixed &amp; rotary wing</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Attack</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Assault</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Marine air control</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Air Traffic Control (ATC)</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Air defense</span><span style="color: #ffffff"><br></span><span style="color: #ffffff">• Aviation logistics and support</span></p>
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21

Logistics Combat Element (LCE)

• Logistical sustainment
• Functions include:
• Transportation
• Supply (food, fuel, ammo)
• Maintenance
• General engineering
• Health services (medical/dental)
• General Services

<p><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Logistical sustainment</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Functions include:</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Transportation</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Supply (food, fuel, ammo)</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Maintenance</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• General engineering</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• Health services (medical/dental)</span><span style="color: #f5f2f2"><br></span><span style="color: #f5f2f2">• General Services</span></p>
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22

Four Types of MAGTFS

• Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) – large
• Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) – medium
• Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) – small
• Special Purpose MAGTF (SPMAGTF) – varies

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23

Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF)

• The largest and principal MAGTF
• 35,000-55,000 Marines + Sailors
• 60 days sustainment
• Only standing MAGTF
Commanded by:
Lt General

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24

MEF 1

Camp Pendelton, California

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25

MEF 2

Camp Lejune, NC

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26

MEF 3

Okinawa, Japan

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27

Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB)

Commanded by Bridager General

5,000-15,000 Marines and Sailors

30 day sustainment

<p>Commanded by Bridager General                           </p><p>5,000-15,000 Marines and Sailors </p><p>30 day sustainment</p>
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28

Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU)

2,200 Marines + Sailors
• 15 days sustainment
• Forward deployed on
amphibious ships
• 6 hour response
• Can reach 75% of
world’s littorals in about
5 days
Commanded by:
Colonel

<p><span style="color: #f7f5f5"> 2,200 Marines + Sailors</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">• 15 days sustainment</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">• Forward deployed on</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">amphibious ships</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">• 6 hour response</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">• Can reach 75% of</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">world’s littorals in about</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">5 days</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">Commanded by:</span><span style="color: #f7f5f5"><br></span><span style="color: #f7f5f5">Colonel</span></p>
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29

Western Way of War

Focused on the decisive battle
• Commanders' intuition and initiative hold the
key to success
• Concentrated forces focused on the destruction
of the enemy or the enemy’s means to wage war
• Discredits intelligence, deception, and surprise
• Focused on the operational and tactical level of
war
• Policy drives war, but once war begins, military
requirements (destruction of the enemy) should
be the state’s primary concern

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30

Eastern Way of War

Focuses on all levels of war, but strategic level is
highly important
• Incorporates the state into all aspects of war
• Deception, surprise are key
• Maneuver is very important to destroy the enemy
in detail
• Rational intelligence and planning drive military
operations
• “Winning without fighting”

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31

Western Politics

Politicians make decisions but
should remain OUTSIDE of the
tactical level
Politics can limit the ability of
troops

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32

Eastern Politics

The military should always
serve the people and
politicians.

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