Chapter 13

Solutions

homogenous mixtures of two or more substance, can make solutions in any property but mainly liquid

solvent

the substance that we have more of

solute

substance we have less of

entropy (S)

tendency for energy to disperse

more disorder

more configurations

more free

delta H

depends on the IMFs between our solute and solvent (if the IMFs are strong, it encourages mixing)

when will two gases always for a solution

when there is a condensed space, it will mix

it is exothermic process, encourages mixing

when the delta H of solution is greater than zero

it is an endothermic process, which discourage mixing.

ionic compounds and polar molecules dissolve in

polar solvents such as water. they have dipoles

saturated solution

dynamic equilibrium between undissolved solute and dissolved solute

solubility

amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent at the saturation point

miscible

liquids that can mix in any ratio

immiscible

liquids that do not mix in one another

supersaturation

when more solute is dissolved than should be possible based on its solubility