Surveying Module 2 - Property Surveys

Property Surveys - boundary/property line

• Identifies and separate Adjoining track of privately own land

• Monumented marked on the ground at intersecting points - property corners

Property Surveys - Objectives

• locate and identify boundaries of a land parcel

• Determine the area of the enclosed land

• Determine the position of buildings driveways, fences, and other constructed facilities

• Preparing updated legal description of the land parcel

• Partition or subdivide the land into smaller parcels/lots

Property descriptions

• Necessary part of the legal document that transfers ownership of a specific land parcel from one owner to another

• Positively identify the land

• State size shape, and precise location in the community

Property descriptions- metes and bounds

• One of the oldest methods for identifying a land parcel

• May be presented verbally in written form and or graphically in a drawing called a Plat

• POB point of beginning must be clearly identified and described and shown on the plat

Metes and Bounds - POB

• establishes the precise location of the parcel within the community

• Permanent marker located at one of the property corner

• Tide/references to other permanent monument

US public land survey system

• created by Congress about 200 years ago

• Avoid errors and confusion regarding boundary lines, and land ownership

• Boundary surveys conducted within the framework of the US system of rectangular surveys are referred to as cadastral surveys

• Rectangular coordinates have been determined for all monuments of the national spatial reference system NGS

Cadastral surveys -

• Provides for the subdivision of landed to square quadrangle approximately 24 miles on a side

• Quadrangle are subdivided into 16 smaller tracks called townships

• Each township is about 6 miles on a side about 36 mi.²

Quadrangles

24 miles on a side

Townships

16 smaller tracts of the quadrangle

Township

36 Square miles

Cadastral surveys - Townships

Further divided into 36 sections about one square mile 640 acres

Numbered sequentially

Identified by its number

Cadastral Survey

Begins at an initial point

True Meridian, passing through the initial point serves as the principle Meridian PM for the survey

A name is given to each PM

35 different initial points and p.m. in the US

Meridian name first level of land Identification

Florida p.m. is Tallahassee Meridian

Cadastral Surveys - Tier

A row of townships extending east to West is called a tier

Tiers are numbered north and south from the baseline

Township three to south of baseline - T 3 S

Cadastral surveys - Range

• A column of townships, extending north to south is called a range

• Range are numbered east and west from the p.m.

• Township seven ranges east of Meridian R7E

catastrophe service complete description of a parcel of land

• Begins with its position in a section

• Includes the section number

• The tier and range for Township identification

• Name of the PM

NE 1/4, SE 1/4, SEC .8, T3 S, R7E, Indian p.m.

Legal terms - Deed

Legal document used to transfer title to land land ownership from one owner to another

Legal Terms- Easement

A Write to use someone else’s land for a specific purpose

Legal terms - Right - of - Way

Give the right to pass across the land

Legal Terms - eminent domain

Gives the government the right to use private property for specific purposes

Legal terms - Encroachment

The process of gradually taking possession of someone else’s land