Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson

3rd President

Served 2 terms

Democratic-Republican

Midnight Judges

-Adams appointed many Federalist judges at the last minute

-James Madison, Jefferson’s new Sec. of State, refused to submit the late appointment the next day

Marbury vs. Madison

-William Marbury, angry that he did not receive his appointment, sued Madison.

-Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall used judicial review for the 1^st time.

****court decided the legality of a law****

Louisiana Purchase

-Americans sent to France to purchase New Orleans.

-Napoleon sold everything for 2 ½ cents /acre in 1803 to pay for wars

-Doubled America’s area & gave port of New Orleans to America!

-Constitution did not give the president the power to purchase territory (but it also did not forbid it)

-Debate between “loose” and “strict” construction of the Constitution…

Sacagawea

-Shoshone woman who assisted the Lewis and Clark expedition. She served as a guide and interpreter, helping the explorers navigate and communicate with Native American tribes.

Lewis and Clark Expedition

-A journey undertaken by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark from 1804 to 1806 to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Territory and find a route to the Pacific Ocean.

Pike’s Expedition

-An expedition led by Zebulon Pike in 1806-1807 to explore the southern portion of the Louisiana Territory, including the area that would become Colorado. Pike aimed to find the headwaters of the Mississippi River and to map the region.

Jefferson’s Foreign Policy Problems

-Barbary pirates disrupted trade

-US led a raid in Tripoli to retaliate, lost, & signed treaty

Stephen Decatur

Led the attack in Tripoli and will become the namesake of Decatur, GA.

Embargo Act of 1807

Jefferson ordered an embargo (no trade) with foreign countries

●Effects:

○Merchants smuggled goods

○Hurt US economy

○Jefferson had to increase the size of the gov’t and military to enforce the law

○New England: rumors of “secession”

Non-Intercourse Agreement

Embargo only with Britain and France