5.5-5.6 Environmental Effects on Phenotype and Chromosomal Inheritance

Phenotypic Plasticity

changes that occur to an organism's physiology, behavior, and structure

What does phenotypic plasticity respond to

environmental conditions

Chromosomal Alterations

when chromosome segments don't get reattached properly during synapsis

Deletion

segment is removed

Duplication

segment is repeated

Inversion

segment is reversed

Translocation

segments exchanged between non-homologous chromosomes

Nondisjunction

when genetic material fails to separate properly in meiosis

What is the outcome of nondisjunction?

gametes with an inappropriate number of chromosomes

Aneuploid

cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Monosomy

possessing only one copy of a chromosome

Trisomy

possessing three copies of a chromosome