peds exam 2 eent

Why are children prone to ear infections?

Shorter eustachian tubes; fluid backs up and doesn't drain

Post-op tonsillectomy priority

Monitor for excessive swelling and bleeding

Tonsillectomy discharge teaching

Ensure hydration, use cool cloths, report bright red bleeding, monitor fevers, manage pain

How to stop a nosebleed

Squeeze nose above nasal bone and lean head forward

Care for tonsillitis

Cool non-acidic fluids, soft foods, ice chips, warm salt-water gargles

Viral conjunctivitis cause

Adenovirus; often after URI

Viral conjunctivitis presentation

Bilateral red eyes; watery discharge; comfort care treatment

Allergic conjunctivitis symptoms

Itching, cobblestone conjunctiva, red watery eyes, puffy eyelids

Allergic conjunctivitis treatment

Decongestant + systemic antihistamine

Bacterial conjunctivitis presentation

Usually unilateral with purulent discharge

Bacterial conjunctivitis treatment

Broad-spectrum antibiotic drops or ointment; contagious for 24 hours after antibiotics

Periorbital cellulitis

Infection of eyelid; treated with IV antibiotics and warm compresses

Strabismus & amblyopia treatment

Occlusion therapy or corrective lenses; patch the good eye

AAP eye exam recommendation

Eye exam at every well check for 3 years; visual acuity at age 3

Retinopathy definition

Immature retinal vessels constrict and necrose

Retinopathy treatment

Laser therapy

Penetrating/perforating eye injury care

Patch both eyes; never remove object at home

AAP acute otitis media treatment

10 days of antibiotics

Myringotomy purpose

Split tympanic membrane and insert tube to equalize pressure; tube falls out on its own

Tonsillitis surgical criteria

Sore throat + fever > 38.3°C, cervical adenopathy, tonsillar exudate, positive group B strep