cranial nerves- name, number, function, assessment

I - Olfactory Nerve

function: smell (sensory)
assessment: have patient identify smell

II - Optic Nerve

function: vision (sensory)
assessment:eye chart, visual fields, fundus

III - Oculomotor Nerve

function: eye movement, pupil constriction, eyelid elevation (motor)

assessment: positions of gaze, PERRLA (pupils, equal, round, reactive, light, accommodation)

IV - Trochlear Nerve

function: moves eye downward and inward (motor)
assessment:PERRLA (pupils, equal, round, reactive, light, accommodation)

V - Trigeminal Nerve

function: facial sensation + muscles of mastication (sensory and motor)
assessment: chewing muscles, facial sensation, corneal reflex

VI - Abducens Nerve

function: lateral eye movement (motor)
assessment: PERRLA (pupils, equal, round, reactive, light, accommodation), nystagmus

VII - Facial Nerve

function: facial expression, taste (anterior 2/3 tongue), lacrimation (motor and sensory)
assessment: ask patient to smile, frown, puff up cheeks

VIII - Vestibulocochlear Nerve

function: hearing and balance (sensory)
assessment: test hearing, weber, Rhine, whisper in the ear

IX - Glossopharyngeal Nerve

function: taste (posterior 1/3) swallowing (sensory and motor)
assessment: gag reflex

X - Vagus Nerve

function: swallowing, speech, parasympathetic control (motor and sensory)

assessment: gag reflex, soft palate movement

XI - Accessory Nerve

function: shoulder and neck movement (motor)
assessment: head movement, shrug shoulders

XII - Hypoglossal Nerve

function: tongue movement (motor)
assessment: ask them to say “light, tight, dynamite” or “la, pa, ka”