Apush chapter 9 flashcards

Andrew Jackson

7th president of the United States. He expanded presidential power, showed representation of the common man, supported Indian removal and opposed the national bank.

Anti-Masonry

As political movement that opposed Freemasons.

Aroostook War

A nonviolent border dispute between the U.S. and Britain over Maine’s northern boundary.  

bank war

Jackson’s political struggle against the second bank of the United States. He believed the bank was corrupt and too powerful.

Caroline affair

A conflict when British forces attacked and burned the American ship called Caroline.

Daniel Webster

Influential senator and orator who supported a striking federal government and opposed nullification.

Democrats

The political party emerged under Andrew Jackson. Supports state rights, expansion and limited federal government. 

Dorr Rebellion

Uprising in Rhode Island led by Thomas Dorr to expand voting rights for non-property owning men.

Hard money

Currency backed by silver or gold. Jackson and his supporters liked this idea.

Indian Territory

Region west of the Mississippi designated by the United States government for relocating Natives.

John C Calhoun

Southern political leader who supported state rights and nullification. Vice president under Andrew Jackson before running against him.

John Tyler

10th U.S. president and became the president after Harrison’s death. Clashed with the Whig party. 

Martin Van Buren

8th president and Jackson’s ally and successor.

Nicholas Biddle

President of the second bank of the United States and Jackson’s main opponent.

Nullification

The idea that states can reject federal laws they believe to be unconstitutional.

Panic of 1837

A major economic depression caused by bank failures, unstable credit, and Jackson’s financial polices. 

Removal Act

The 1830 law allowing the federal government to relocate Natives west of the Mississippi river, leading to the trail of tears.Chief

Roger B. Taney

Chief justice of the supreme court after John Marshall. Supported states’ rights and was known for the Dred Scott decision.

Seminole war 

Conflicts in flordia between the U.S. and the Seminole tribe.

Specie Circular

Jackson’s order requiring payment for public land to be in gold or silver.

Spoils system

A practice where positions reward loyal supporters with government jobs after winning an election.

Trail of tears

The forced removal of the Cherokee and several other tribes to Indian territory in the 1830’s.

Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)

An agreement between the U.S. and Britain that settled the Maine-Canada border dispute and eased tensions after incidents like the Caroline affair. 

Webster-Hayne Debate (1830)

A senate debate over state’s rights and nullification.Webster argued for national unity, while Robert Hayne defended state’s sovereignty.

Whigs

A political party formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson. They supported a stronger federal government, internal improvements, and the national bank.

William Henry Harrison

9th president of the United States. He was a Whig who won the 1840 election but died just a month after taking office.